Fi515

Final Exam Page 1 1. (TCO A) Which of the following does NOT always increase a company's market value? (Points : 5) Increasing the expected growth rate of sales Increasing the expected operating profitability (NOPAT/Sales) Decreasing the capital requirements (Capital/Sales) Decreasing the weighted average cost of capital Increasing the expected rate of return on invested capital| 2. (TCO F) Which of the following statements is correct? (Points : 5) For a project with normal cash flows, any change in the WACC will change both the NPV and the IRR.To find the MIRR, we first compound cash flows at the regular IRR to find the TV, and then we discount the TV at the WACC to find the PV. The NPV and IRR methods both assume that cash flows can be reinvested at the WACC. However, the MIRR method assumes reinvestment at the MIRR itself. If two projects have the same cost, and if their NPV profiles cross in the upper right quadrant, then the project with the higher IRR probably has more of its c ash flows coming in the later years.If two projects have the same cost, and if their NPV profiles cross in the upper right quadrant, then the project with the lower IRR probably has more of its cash flows coming in the later years. | 3. (TCO D) The Ramirez Company's last dividend was $1. 75. Its dividend growth rate is expected to be constant at 25% for 2 years, after which dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 6% forever. Its required return (rs) is 12%. What is the best estimate of the current stock price? a. $41. 58 b. $42. 64 c. $43. 71 d. $44. 80 e. $45. 92(Points : 20) | 4. TCO G) The ABC Corporation's budgeted monthly sales are $4,000. In the first month, 40% of its customers pay and take the 3% discount. The remaining 60% pay in the month following the sale and don't receive a discount. ABC's bad debts are very small and are excluded from this analysis. Purchases for next month's sales are constant each month at $2,000. Other payments for wages, rent, and taxes are con stant at $500 per month. Construct a single month's cash budget with the information given. What is the average cash gain or (loss) during a typical month for the ABC Corporation? (Points : 20) | 5. TCO G) Clayton Industries is planning its operations for next year, and Ronnie Clayton, the CEO, wants you to forecast the firm's additional funds needed (AFN). The firm is operating at full capacity. Data for use in your forecast are shown below. Based on the AFN equation, what is the AFN for the coming year? Dollars are in millions. Last year's sales = S0| $350| | Last year's accounts payable| $40| Sales growth rate = g| 30%| | Last year's notes payable| $50| Last year's total assets = A0*| $500| | Last year's accruals| $30| Last year's profit margin = PM| 5%| | Target payout ratio| 60%| a. $102. b. $108. 2 c. $113. 9 d. $119. 9 e. $125. 9 (Points : 30) | | Final Exam Page 2 1. (TCO H) Desai Inc. has the following data, in thousands. Assuming a 365-day year, what is the firm's cash con version cycle? Annual sales = Annual cost of goods sold = Inventory = Accounts receivable = Accounts payable =| $45,000 $30,000 $4,500 $1,800 $2,500| a. 28 days b. 32 days c. 35 days d. 39 days e. 43 days (Points : 30) | 2. (TCO C) A firm buys on terms of 2/8, net 45 days, it does not take discounts, and it actually pays after 58 days. What is the effective annual percentage cost of its nonfree trade credit? Use a 365-day year. ) a. 14. 34% b. 15. 10% c. 15. 89% d. 16. 69% e. 17. 52%(Points : 30) | 3. (TCO E) Daves Inc. recently hired you as a consultant to estimate the company's WACC. You have obtained the following information. (1) The firm's noncallable bonds mature in 20 years, have an 8. 00% annual coupon, a par value of $1,000, and a market price of $1,050. 00. (2) The company's tax rate is 40%. (3) The risk-free rate is 4. 50%, the market risk premium is 5. 50%, and the stock's beta is 1. 20. (4) The target capital structure consists of 35% debt and the balance is common equi ty.The firm uses the CAPM to estimate the cost of common stock, and it does not expect to issue any new shares. What is its WACC? a. 7. 16% b. 7. 54% c. 7. 93% d. 8. 35% e. 8. 79%(Points : 30) | 4. (TCO B) Leak Inc. forecasts the free cash flows (in millions) shown below. If the weighted average cost of capital is 11% and FCF is expected to grow at a rate of 5% after Year 2, what is the Year 0 value of operations, in millions? Assume that the ROIC is expected to remain constant in Year 2 and beyond (and do not make any half-year adjustments). Year: 1 2 Free cash flow: -$50 $100 a. $1,456 b. 1,529 c. $1,606 d. $1,686 e. $1,770(Points : 35) | 5. (TCO G) Based on the corporate valuation model, Hunsader's value of operations is $300 million. The balance sheet shows $20 million of short-term investments that are unrelated to operations, $50 million of accounts payable, $90 million of notes payable, $30 million of long-term debt, $40 million of preferred stock, and $100 million of common equity. The company has 10 million shares of stock outstanding. What is the best estimate of the stock's price per share? a. $13. 72 b. $14. 44 c. $15. 20 d. $16. 00 e. $16. 80(Points : 35) | |

Human Rights Violation – Child Soldier

Human Rights Violation (Child Soldier) What do you think of when you hear the term â€Å"Child Soldier†? You probably think of a normal child who has been trained to become an armed soldier from his early childhood. No, the reality is that child soldiers still do exist in many parts of the world. First of all, what do you mean by child soldiers? Child soldiers are any children under 18 years of age who is a member of the armed forces or an armed group. Today, child soldier has been one of the major issues in the economy of human civilization. It has fore mostly impacted many countries from developing and moving a step forwards in their humanitarian activities. So, as a relation of us towards the development of humanity and human civilization, every individual in this world should try their best to erase this particular violation or term â€Å"Child Soldier† from history. As briefly discussing about this particular human right violation, this violation has been one of the major issues in Canada and many other countries. As concisely defining this topic, a child soldier is any children under 18 years of age who is part of any kind of regular or irregular armed force or armed group in any capacity. The definition also includes girls recruited for sexual purposes and for forced marriage. It does not, therefore, only refer to a child who is carrying or has carried arms. Children are more likely to become child soldiers if they are displaced from their homes, separated from their families, living in combat zones or have limited access to education. Children may join armed groups as the only way to guarantee daily food and survival. In some situations, children may ‘voluntarily’ take part in warfare, not realizing the dangers and abuses they will be subjected to. Most likely these children are responding to economic, cultural, social and political pressures. As discussing different facts about Child Labour in Canada and worldwide, the major fact has been estimated that over 300,000 children – boys and girls under the age of 18 – are today involved in more than 30 conflicts worldwide. Children are used as combatants, messengers, porters and cooks and for forced sexual services. Some are abducted or are recruited by force. Others are motivated to join by poverty, abuse and discrimination, or to take revenge for violence endorsed against them or their families. These children are subjected to unimaginable violence and torture by serving in both government armies and rebel groups. Commanders often hassle them with drugs and alcohol. These children are repeatedly abused, and disposed of when they are supposed useless or ineffective. Close to 2 million children have been killed in conflict in the case of child soldier since 1996. Children are the rising stars of our nation and humanity. One should try to protect and educate good things to them rather than conflicting these silly behaviours to those little blameless souls. According to Canada’s law, a person caught doing this crime is heavily punished and penalized against the community. Back in 2002, Canada signed on to an international treaty aimed at rehabilitating child soldiers. In fact Canada was the first nation to ratify the child soldier – optional protocol to the convention on the rights of a child. Since then, many different rules and laws have been made in order to stop child soldier in the nation. As of all these facts and discussion on this particular human violation, these violations is still a problem in the world and in Canada and researchers are busy, laws are being made and punishments are ready for those criminals. As the children are the future developers of our world and community, they should not be treated in this way. In fact, they should be cared and loved as they are the ones who are going to get rid of all the crimes in the world and make this congested world a peaceful world. So child soldier should be stopped, if still seen, all the population should be united and raise a voice against the government to be strict in this particular violation and give hard punishments to the criminals and bring peace in the world.

Research Method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Research Method - Essay Example This has a posed a greater challenge especially with the fact that the new markets have different cultures. In order to penetrate these markets, some of which have barriers of entry which have been erected by the dominant firms, the companies are forced to use international media which are highly expensive. The costs are derailing the expansion strategy. However, with the entry of social media, more firms are opting to use these channels to reach the target market. This is because it’s cheap and more reliable. Nevertheless, questions have been raised concerning its effectiveness, especially putting into perspective that the users must have some ideas on how to use modern technology. Currently, the market has become very dynamic with new challenges arising each day. With the increasing levels of globalization resulting from liberalization of markets, efficient flow of information, and integration of economies, the level of competition in the local and international markets has increased tremendously. This is as a result of the entry of multinational companies that have a huge financial base to segment the market, attract the loyalty of the customers towards their products, and position their products strategically in the market. This aspect has made it very hard for the small and medium businesses to increase their customer base (Barefoot & Szabo 2010). Therefore, these businesses are using all means possible to minimize the costs of operations. One of the strategies they are using is reducing the costs of advertising which has been taking a huge chunk of the firms’ profits. However, in order to maintain their competitive advantage, the companies are forc ed to look for other alternatives. Social media has become a critical alternative which is cheap, effective, and reliable. With the changes in the technological sector, many people have internet enabled devices

Azithromycin loaded polyethylene sebacate nanoparticles preparation, Essay

Azithromycin loaded polyethylene sebacate nanoparticles preparation, pharmacokinetic and efficacy in pneumonia of rabbits - Essay Example The reason for the interest is that the scientific community believes that there are 2 ways of using nanoparticles for drug delivery. The first reason is that due to the minute size of the particle, nanoparticles have the uncanny ability to penetrate even the smallest human capillary. The nanoparticles spread through the human system, thus allowing for efficient drug accumulation in target specific areas of the body. Second, the biodegradable materials used in the creation of nanoparticles has allowed pharmaceutical companies to develop long term release drug preparations within target sites covering a span of a few days to a few weeks. (Sahoo et al., 2003) The reason for this superior method of chemical delivery within the human system stems from the nanomedicines measuring only between 10 and 100 nanometers (nm). This makes the chemicals much easier to absorb than its larger sized counterparts when administered in passive mode for tissue penetration. Currently, nanomedicine drug formulations are designed to work with existing generic drugs, which reduces the cost of drug formulation for the pharmaceutical company. While most drugs in its current form are already effective in treating various illnesses, nano formulation of the same drugs allow the manufacturers to fine tune the drug molecules, this providing a significant increase in the effectiveness of the drug. This is done through the development of sustained release drugs that offer minimal side effects in the process. Known as nanoparticular drug delivery, the system allows a normal pharmacokinetic profile to deliver the correct amount of drugs in a targeted method that will affect only the required area over an extended period. This is a method that is not totally possible with encapsulated drugs. The nanoparticular drug delivery has allowed pharmaceutical science to

Applying Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Applying Theory - Essay Example The first part will explain Beattie’s model of health promotion including its relevance to the contemporary public health. Eventually, the strengths and weaknesses of the model will be identified and thoroughly discussed. Upon identifying the different behaviour change models, the second part of the paper will discuss about the strengths and weaknesses of each framework. Beattie’s model of health promotion is one of the most commonly used frameworks that enables the health care professionals to thoroughly examine the health determinants aside from developing a list of highly recommended responsive action to improve the health and well-being of the patients. The Beattie’s model of health promotion is composed of four paradigms known as: (1) health persuasion; (2) personal counselling; (3) community development; and (4) legislative action. (Beattie, 1991) These four paradigms are basically used in capturing the entire picture which is necessary in allowing the health care professionals to develop effective action plan. Basically, the health persuasion technique includes the bio-medical approach upon analyzing the main cause of a particular behaviour. Under the top-down or authoritative, the relationship between the patients’ diseases, lifestyle, risk factors, the suggested way of controlling lifestyle, and the risks of not being able to follow the health care professionals’ health advice are being identified (Piper, 2007). On the other hand, the bottom-up model is used in as a patient-centered approach of health promotion. It simply means that the patients are given the opportunity to have power or control over their health care treatment or medication (Beattie, 1991). Regardless of whether the health promotion plan is physician- or patient-centred, the application of the Beattie’s model of health promotion enables the health care professionals to analyze

Case Study on Land Law Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

On Land Law - Case Study Example It is stated, in this case, that the property is registered; therefore, the relevant legislation is the LRA, although the original concept of overriding interests was established in the Land Registration Act 1925. Under the 1925 Act, certain overriding interests would only continue until the point at which the land is registered. As Shambles has now been registered, the rules relating to third party interests contained in the LRA must be referred to. The first issue to be considered by Lance is that of Porter's ex- partner, Rina, who has been living in the property for a period of at least five years. On the assumption that Shambles became registered to Porter, after 1st October, 2003 and where the LRA is in force, then the rights attached to Rina will be in accordance with the LRA. The overriding interest of actual occupation existed under the 1925 Act in s70(1)(g). Whilst this old right still exists, it is now subject to the new law as contained in the LRA. Essentially, the overriding interest and the right of a third party in actual occupation will exist where there is actual occupation, at the relevant time, by the owner. This is important, in this case, due to the fact that there may be some debate as to whether or not Rina is, in fact, an actual owner, i.e. legally or beneficially entitled to the property. As Rina is an estranged partner of Porter, Rina may have a valid argument that she has an equitable entitlement to at least part of the property. Recent case law has suggested that, where both parties have contributed in some way to the property, even if it is registered in only one person's name, the court will determine the shares of the property to be held by each party, based on the course of dealings between them1. With this in mind, it would be necessary to consider the relationship between Rina and Porter and whether she could legitimately claim an equitable interest in the property (Abbey & Richards, 2007). On the assumption that Rina can show an equitable interest, she would potentially be able to rely on the actual occupation interest as stated in Schedule 3, Para 2 of the LRA. This right would exist, provided it was not an interest under the Settled Land Act 1925, it was not a deliberate failure to disclose the right and the occupation would have been obvious on a reasonably careful inspection of the land in question at the time of the disposition. Under the provisions in the LRA, there is no precise definition of actual occupation; however, case law previously heard under the 1925 Act is thought to be current and relevant under the LRA2. Under the LRA, Rina will only forfeit the overriding status of her interest, if she would have been reasonably expected to declare her right to Lance. As Lance undertook his own conveyancing, it is unlikely that sufficiently detailed questioning was undertaken in relation to any adults in actual occupation. Moreover, in the absence of such questioning, it is therefore highly likely that Rina will not have sacrificed her overriding status, based on failure to disclose reasonably. Furthermore, as Rina lived in the main property and has done so for 5 years, her presences and actual occupation would be reasonably noticeable to anyone who had made an inspection of the property. The facts suggest that Lance did not actually inspect the property, at all, due to his location in London and had he made a reasonable inspection, he would have been aware of Rina's occupation, prior to

Tutorial (Film) Report Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tutorial (Film) Report - Movie Review Example Vertov also demonstrates a high level of determination and experience by capturing various images and scenes. He is able to capture slow moving images that increases in speed as the day moves on. Vertov also demonstrates a high level of passion when he walks on high bridges, climb a smokestack and crawls underground with miners. He also hangs on side of trains in order to get good shots (Bordwell & Thompson, 2010). Progress There is a theme of progress and development in the film. For example, Vertov tries to demonstrate two sides of life in his film. He shows beginnings and endings of various people. For example, he shows images of marriage and divorce, life and death, young and old, a woman going to bed and waking up the next day and work as well as recreation. By showing these stages, he demonstrates how life progresses from one stage to another. To show how people progresses from work to leisure, Vertov captures images of people in games, sports, pubs and beaches. The actor also shows how the society is moving away from traditional tool to more modern and advanced technology. Images showing people travelling in trains and workers using machines in factories is a clear demonstration of a progressing society (Bordwell & Thompson, 2010). Politics Vertov tries to bring out the theme of politics by showing a Proletariat society under the leadership of Lenin. However, several people were not workers. They are peasant farmers who could not afford wealth yet they were the main source of wealth. Vertov shows a socialist society where people live together as a community. He shows masses of people partaking and enjoying in same actions such as traveling, working and recreation. The demonstration of repetitious pictures of machines and lower social class of individuals is a clear indication of how people should live and operate like a machine. Each individual should carry out his or her duty in building the nation just like different parts of a machine work together fo r the machine to function properly. The actor also elevates the states of women. He does this by demonstrating how women and men work alongside each other regardless of their gender (Bordwell & Thompson, 2010). Influence on Modern Comedy from Bringing up Baby Bringing up Baby is the pioneer of screwball comedies. These comedies are usually in white and black. In such comedies, a repressed, upright or a stiff character is broken out of their shell by being sort after romantically by a similar type character. The comedy is usually characterized by escapist themes, farcical situations, fast-paced repartee and plot lines that include love, courtship and marriage. There is also economic struggle between different classes. Apart from these, they are usually very funny, ballsy and screwy (Bordwell & Thompson, 2010). Bringing up Baby was produced in 1938 and directed by Howard Hawkins. Starring includes a leopard, Cary Grant and Katharine Hepburn. Just like screwball Comedy, Bringing up Bab y has a marriage plot in that Grant is planning to marry and is only missing intercostals clavicle. The night before he marry, he is supposed to force a lawyer donate some money to the museum. On his way to meet the lawyer, he meets Hepburn. Hepburn accidentally steals his car and golf, preventing him from going to the meeting (Bordwell & Thompson, 2010). Another influence that the movie has had on current comedy is use of females as main characters. Hepburn plays a dominant role in

MOD 1 SLP ETH501 - Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MOD 1 SLP ETH501 - Business Ethics - Essay Example The deontological implications of such ethical issues cannot be underplayed. Ethical Problem While working at a local mall, I encountered a rather common unethical practice in the workplace - discrimination coupled with harassment. The store was predominantly a male-dominated work environment in which most employees and supervisors were men. The ethical issue emerged when the store hired a new female employee and the male supervisor started constantly treating her inappropriately. Notably, the presence of the new employee stirred up conflict because the store had not yet conducted sensitivity training. The male supervisor made inappropriate remarks to the new female employee and failed to groom her for promotions as he did with male employees (DesJardins, 2010). Despite her constant complaints to the store manager, the manager did not take any measures to remedy the situation. The ethical issues in this situation are quite diverse: firstly, the male supervisor’s treatment of t he new employee was biased along sexual lines. The store manager’s failure to act was also quite unethical. Making derogatory remarks towards employees on account of their gender is extremely unethical and unlawful. In addition, by denying the female employee necessary resources for promotion, the supervisor also acted unethically (Bhatia, 2004). Deontological Implications Deontological ethics posits that people’s duty to act or not to act centers on the uprightness or evil of the act rather than the consequence of the act. This means that certain actions are inherently proper or evil. Deontological ethics puts emphasis on the concept of whether or not an act is proper or evil, an obligation or duty (Kant, 1993). In the aforementioned ethical issue, the male supervisor acted unethically by failing to perform his work obligation, i.e. providing all employees the same opportunity to earn a promotion. Deontological perceptions of ethics require that people perform their d uties and obligations without being required to do so. Supervisors have a distinct duty to provide a level playing field for all employees in terms of employees’ access to company resources, such as training and grooming. Consequently, the supervisor’s gender-based discrimination contravened conventional view of proper actions in the workplace. Conventional wisdom requires equal treatment of all persons in the workplace; hence the supervisor acted unethically by infringing on the female employee’s right to use company resources (Velasquez, 2001). Regardless of the consequence of the supervisor’s discrimination, his behavior was quite unethical in itself. In addition, the supervisor’s utterance of derogatory remarks towards the female employee epitomized an unethical act. Deontological ethics points of view require people to act uprightly because it is their duty to act right ( Pojman & Fieser, 2011). The supervisor’s actions show disregard f or conventional wisdom that demands that it is the duty of all persons, regardless of their status and positions, to treat others in a humane and upright manner. Moral behavior in the workplace entails impartial treatment of all employees regardless of their race, gender or ethnicity. Conversely, the store manager’s disregard towards the female employee’s complaints is indicative of immorality and unethical behavior (â€Å"Duty-based Ethics†, 2009). The manager could create an impartial and upright

Research Methodolgy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Research Methodolgy - Essay Example Knowing the manner of data collection readers would be able to evaluate the validity as well as reliability of the results, and the conclusions which were drawn from them. A method of a certain research depends on the type of research conduction and approaches used in the study. The study can be Quantitative type or a Qualitative Research. Quantitative methodologies assume that collected data are measurable, or if they are not, it is necessary to design an experiment or computer simulation in a way that respective measurements can be taken. Once the measurements are done, the problem is to fit (in a broad sense) the data adequately. Derived dependencies are then interpreted in the context of the initial problem formulation with a possible test of the hypothesis about the nature of the data and the errors in the measurements. In qualitative methods, the interest is centered on the qualitative characteristics of the phenomenon. Rather than trying to quantify every detail, these methods try to grasp the Quantitative and qualitative methods are relatively distinctive in the emphasis they position on each (Stake, 1995). For quantitative inquiries, argumentation is based on a demonstration of the phenomenon as a fixed set of variables. There, systematic statistical or further functional relations between the factors or variables. Meanwhile, in qualitative researches, argumentation is with reference on a description of the research observation units fairly than on approximation of some degree of number of variables. The purpose of quantitative research is simply to elucidate observed phenomena; to provide the capacity to predict as well as to control examined concepts. As a result, these concepts call for quantification. The proceeding pages present summaries and criticisms of the two selected research topics (one quantitative and the other one is the qualitative research), as well as the

Summary of global report on conflict governance and state fragility Essay

Summary of global report on conflict governance and state fragility 2011 - Essay Example It is worth mentioning that the aspect of governance needs to be applied and developed for the purpose of settling any sort of conflict, occurring in the societal system (Marshall & Cole, 2011). Thus, these three dimensions are regarded as the major holistic approaches of the societal system. With this concern, this paper intends to provide a brief summary about the global report focused on the aspects i.e. conflict, governance and state fragility 2011. Summary One of the commonly observed matters in the global system is the rise of conflicts in the society. The emergence of such conflicts eventually results in causing the incidents associated with political violence. The trend of the conflicts has become a continuous process in the globalization period. From the mid 1950s, the wars have been increasing in this global world, especially after the Cold War. It can be apparently viewed in this similar concern that around 21 nations of the world have experienced conflicts in the year 201 1. A few of the issues linked with the rise of the conflicts were the extension of boundaries, terror of militants and also the reported cases relating to trafficking, production along with supply of drugs. One of the leading examples of those conflicts was the attack of LTTE in Sri Lanka (Marshall & Cole, 2011). ... The increased level of conflicts during the year 2011 had indicated a beginning in the form of posing unfavorable impact upon intra-state along with inter-state wars and humanitarian operations at large. In recent times, a gradual decline in the conduct of wars in the global world reveals the reduction of problems relating to conflict by a certain degree (Marshall & Cole, 2011). Autocracy and democracy are regarded as the major forms of governance. These forms can be utilized in the maintenance of social order in a society. In this similar concern, The Polity IV Project has marked the level of both these forms for each country by taking into concern the political situations that prevail in the nations. In relation to the autocratic system, the participation of the citizens is often viewed to be constrained due to various crucial factors. These factors might entail restrictions especially upon political participation, limitations in the application along with the execution of relevant guidelines or effective regulations and weaker checks imposed over executive power. While determining the trend of governance, it can be viewed that in the year 2011, only Qatar and Saudi Arabia were rated as fully autocratic nations throughout the globe (Marshall & Cole, 2011). A few of the autocratic nations of the world such as Gabon, Togo, Syria and North Korea have implemented the succession of dynasties in executive leadership for the purpose of forestalling succession crises. On the other hand, certain nations such as Taiwan, Mexico and Senegal have move towards democracy from autocracy form. The reasons for this might be the increasing desires of various political groups towards strengthening their respective positions, non-maintenance of

Cbs Tells Sodastream to Revise Brand-Bashing Super Bowl Essay Example for Free

Cbs Tells Sodastream to Revise Brand-Bashing Super Bowl Essay Every year, the Super Bowl attracts some of the best and most high-priced advertising in the world. But it also lures a horde of publicity-seekers claiming their commercials have been censored or rejected by the host network. In nearly all cases, the complaining marketers never really had a shot at the Super Bowl, thanks to shoddy production values, truly objectionable content and, more often than not, the inability to pony up more than $3 million for an ad. And its a common occurrence for the network to ask event sponsors to tweak or edit the content for a variety of reasons (which also can yield a PR bonanza if a sponsor cries foul just ask serial offender GoDaddy. com). But SodaStream, a mainstream advertiser that some time ago purchased a spot in the games fourth quarter, said this wasnt a PR gambit. So whats the issue? The content of its planned commercial seemed to have concerned CBS because it was a direct hit at two other Super Bowl sponsors and heavy network TV advertisers: Coke and Pepsi SodaStream, which sells home soda-making machines, has already run afoul of authorities in the U.K. for a Bogusky-crafted spot indicating its product is more environmentally friendly than established sodas; the spot shows branded bottles and cans of soft drinks exploding into thin air. For the Super Bowl, it hoped to up the ante with a spot depicting truck drivers clad in clothing with Coca-Cola and Pepsi marks on them, according to Ilan Nacasch, SodaStreams chief marketing officer. We really tried to comply with the standards set by CBS, he said. At the same time, he added, We were taking it to a new level, and thats the level where they apparently judged to be going too far. Interestingly enough, Pepsi has scored big points with viewers over the years by showing Super Bowl ads with Coke deliverymen abandoning their employer wholesale for a sip of a Pepsi drink. Of course, Pepsi (and, for that matter, Coke) buys multiple ads in the Super Bowl each year, as well as spends millions of dollars on other broadcast-TV advertising. Another Super Bowl sponsor, Anheuser-Busch InBev with Pepsi this year for in-store displays and promotions. A CBS spokeswoman said network executives declined to comment. Bummed, Mr. Bogusky, famous for his work at CPB still in the game with an older spot we tweaked.

Strategical approach of comprehension

Strategical approach of comprehension Disadvantages of the Strategical Approach of Comprehension For students of English, it is listening comprehension that usually seems to be the hardest to master among the different skills of language learning. Therefore, there are numerous theories published in order to make listening tasks more effective and to devise more useful types of practice. One of these methods proposes the separate improvement of particular sub-skills, of which listening comprehension is claimed to consist, and it also suggests the application of listening strategies, which theoretically make listening easier. It is not hard to realize, though, that however tempting they might seem, the strategic approach of listening comprehension means more needless work to students than improvement. To begin with, it has a negative effect on students results that this approach of comprehension underestimates the importance of practice. As Field (1998) formulates it, For fifteen years it has been axiomatic that more reading does not necessarily mean better reading. (p. 112). First, this can mean that the exclusive training of sub-skills does not allow comprehension to improve as a whole. Second, since different types of exercises require different strategies, learners might perform badly in the types not practised extensively. In summary, the subordinated role of practice can have a negative effect on students. The second reason is that the exclusive use of authentic texts can significantly slow down the progress of students at a lower level of proficiency. First, as the strategic approach fails to realize the importance of grading texts, it can be unnecessarily difficult although the more one can understand in a listening task, the more useful the particular task is, (Ridgway, 2000). Second, a less proficient student might lose motivation if the listening texts seem to be impossible to understand. Third, the theory of listening strategies suggests predicting the meaning and guessing unknown words from content; that, however, can lead to the reduced expansion of vocabulary. To summarize, the use of authentic texts can mean a definite disadvantage on certain levels of proficiency. Finally, one could say that listening strategies can prove extremely helpful for learners, but actually it consumes a significant amount of resources to practice these techniques. On the one hand, practising each of these techniques separately consumes a far larger amount of time than a student could afford at the expense of training other areas of language proficiency. On the other hand, the constant effort to choose the appropriate strategy can be very difficult and exhausting for students and is often futile; Field (2000) himself tends to admit this, as well, it seems that they may not be capable of employing it appropriately in relation to a particular listening text or of combining it successfully with other strategies that they have encountered. (p. 192). To summarize, the application of strategies requires more time and energy than the advantages it provides. In conclusion, it can be seen through various reasons that the strategical approach of comprehension is not as beneficial for students as it might seem in the beginning. First, it provides a smaller amount of practice for the students. Second, the extensive use of authentic texts suggested by this theory can be inappropriate for certain students. Third, the strategy-based approach is definitely more time- and energy-consuming than it is helpful. From the above mentioned points, it is clear that the use of different strategies is not required for effective language learning. References: Field, J. (1998). Skills and strategies: towards a new methodology for listening. ELT Journal, 52(2), 110-118. Field, J. (2000). Not waving but drowning: a reply to Tony Ridgway. ELT Journal, 54(2), 186-195. Ridgway, T. (2000). Listening strategies- I beg your pardon?. ELT Journal, 54(2), 179-185.

The impact of SATs

The impact of SATs Special Study: What impact do Standard Attainment Tests (SATs) have on the education of primary school children in the final year of each Key Stage? Standard Attainment Tests (SATs) have been an integral part of summative assessment in primary education since their introduction in the 1990s. These tests, occurring at the end of each of the first two Key Stages, usually take place in May, when Year Two children sit tests in English and Maths, and Year Six children are tested in English, Maths and Science. The rationale for these tests was that the results should, first, genuinely give information about how children were doing in the National Curriculum (Sainsbury and Sizmur, 1996). Secondly, these assessments should provide an authentic reflection of the kinds of work children have to do in following the curriculum (Sainsbury and Sizmur, 1996). However, from the outset, SATs have attracted considerable criticism in the media, not only from teachers and parents, but also from education researchers and government officials (Yarker, 2003). This criticism stems from the notion that these groups do not believe that either part of the above rationale is being ideologically or practically adhered to. In the first instance, they argue that the most important reason for collating the test results is not to determine individual childrens attainment levels, but instead to compare the overall attainment of one school with others. In the second instance, they argue that the tests, and their implem entation, do not accurately reflect the range of educational tasks undertaken by children in school: by posing a series of predominantly closed questions under strict, timed test conditions, all the test results indicate is a level of the childrens competence at taking tests, and not their ability in the subject in question. According to Wintle and Harrison (1999), these test results are the most significant performance indicator used by teachers, inspectors, parents and other professionals. However, one major component group is missing from this statement: the children taking the tests. It is crucial to examine the issues surrounding the impact that SATs have on these children, so that an overall view of the situation can be established. These issues can be split into three broad categories. Firstly, it is important to consider how and why childrens learning is affected by SATs. Secondly, childrens attitudes, both towards this aspect of their schooling and likewise to the test itself, need to be discussed and analysed. Finally, it is vital to examine the emotional effects SATs have on children, and the causes and consequences of these effects. One of the principal effects on childrens learning, according to research by Connors et al (2009), is the issue of children being taught to the test in the months and weeks preceding the eventual sitting of the SATs. This involves classroom activities such as children learning how to answer typical SATs questions and the taking of practice tests, in addition to the delivery of the National Curriculum in the relevant subjects. In some respects, this can be beneficial to children. For example, they should be well prepared for the type of questions that will be posed in the SATs; it might be concluded from this that they will gain higher marks. Moreover, it may positively impact on childrens behaviour, as argued by Hall et al (2004), where the taking of practice tests improves childrens concentration and greatly reduces classroom disruption, as they regularly need to display these attributes under test conditions. There are, however, other respects in which the methodical approach of teaching to the test may be disadvantageous to childrens learning. For instance, due to the importance of SATs for summative assessment purposes, teachers feel personally accountable for their pupils results (Connors et al, 2009). This is for two main reasons: firstly, they are responsible for the academic progress of the children in their class, and therefore feel that whatever marks these children achieve in their SATs reflect their competence as practitioners. Secondly, on a broader scale, they also feel pressurised into teaching to the test in order to maintain or improve the schools position in the SATs league tables, and also to meet national targets. This can have a negative impact on childrens learning as, during these heavily SATs-focused lessons, children are taught examination technique rather than developing the knowledge and skills the test is designed to assess (Hall et al, 2004). This limits a holis tic approach to their education, as this teaching method revolves around memory and repetition, rather than skills and application. Furthermore, because teachers are limited as to how far they can deviate from the curriculum, the scope for creativity in these lessons is greatly reduced. Another way in which SATs impact upon childrens learning concerns the fact that an increasing percentage of the school timetable is being dedicated to the teaching of the SATs subjects, according to research by Webb (2006). Although English, Maths and Science, due to their long-established importance across all Key Stages, have always featured prominently in the school schedule, the danger exists that a disproportionate amount of the school week will be spent on the teaching and learning of these subjects, primarily caused by the teachers feeling of personal accountability (Connors et al, 2009). Consequently, the rest of the primary curriculum subjects, especially art, music and physical education (Webb, 2006) may not have as much time devoted to them. This would adversely affect the childrens right to receiving a broad and well-balanced primary school curriculum. Taking this potential curricular imbalance a stage further, some schools organise weekend and after-school SATs clubs, an d some parents enlist private tutors for extra SATs coaching sessions (Byrne and McGavin, 2004). On a positive note, these courses of action may help to increase childrens confidence and competence in the target subjects. However, these constant levels of coaching, both during and after school hours, may change childrens attitudes towards SATs-orientated teaching and learning, and their eventual participation in the tests themselves. According to research by Connors et al (2009), some children, especially those taking the Key Stage Two SATs, regard both the prior preparation and the test itself to be ways of challenging themselves at school. This sense of challenge can increase childrens motivation and application levels in the classroom (Drummond, 2003), as children try to meet the demands of an increasing, more intense academic workload, and acquire new knowledge and skills. What is unclear, however, is whether these increased motivation and application levels are mirrored in non-SATs subjects. Another positive aspect of the challenge of SATs is that many children associate hard work with higher marks (Webb, 2006), which can be an additional motivational factor. Although it could be argued that aptitude, rather than attitude, contributes to higher levels of achievement, it is nevertheless important to encourage this positive thinking. This idea is extended on a social level by Byrne and McGavin (2004), who argu e that the achievement of higher marks can add a competitive element to educational proceedings, as children try to achieve more highly than their peers do. However, it is important to note that this has the potential to cause emotional distress to the child who does not perform as well as others, even if the competition is meant to be friendly and light-hearted. In contrast, many children have a much more negative attitude towards SATs and the teaching and learning associated with it. Referring back to the challenge of SATs, according to research by Hall et al (2004), some children, rather than viewing them as a challenge to be overcome, regard them instead as either a bridge too far or, even worse, a complete waste of time. In the case of these children, these negative attitudes may be caused by a variety of factors. For example, they may be lower achievers who find the increased intensity of, and the amount of time devoted to, SATs preparation difficult to cope with. This can cause them to become disillusioned about the SATs, which, in turn, can have an adverse affect on their behaviour and motivation levels. At Key Stage Two level, many schools place children into ability groups in the SATs subjects (Webb, 2006); this can alleviate this problem to a certain extent, as their individual learning needs can be more appropriately catered for. Nevertheless, it could be argued that, although the level and pace of such learning would be more appropriate for lower achieving children, this solution does not directly address these childrens possible concerns about the amount of time allocated to the SATs subjects. A further concern for lower achieving children, according to Yarker (2003), is that, if they do not achieve what they consider to be good marks in the tests themselves, they will be labelled as failures. It is, however, important to clarify that these children are never labelled in this way by teachers, but by the children themselves, who are concerned about the effect that SATs results will have on their future, both academically and motivationally. Another factor that may cause children to have a negative attitude towards the SATs is highlighted by Wintle and Harrison (1999), who argue that the concentration on SATs preparation is linear and regimented to such an extent that children no longer have any ownership of it. This can have a distinct attitudinal effect on the children. They may become disillusioned by the fact that, because of the focus on SATs work, they are simply undertaking activities and tasks for the sake of knowing how to do them for SATs purposes, rather than for the benefit of their own learning. Cullingford (2006) echoes this view, stating that, with regard to SATs preparation, children perceive their task in school as not so much to think as to guess what it is that the teachers want. Moreover, further research conducted by Cullingford (2006) suggests that many children, particularly those at Key Stage Two level, are surprisingly aware of the importance of SATs and even the significance of league tables. It can therefore be argued that they consider SATs to be one of the most, if not the most crucial aspect of their schooling during the final year of each Key Stage. This attitude can have a positive or adverse effect on their commitment to the SATs and the preparation for them; again, this depends on the attitude and aptitude of individual children. This surprisingly common awareness of the importance of both the SATs and the results they achieve in them is one way in which children can become not only attitudinally affected, but also emotionally affected by them. In this instance, because of the strong focus on preparing for the tests, children may feel pressurised, and in many cases excessively so, for two main reasons. Firstly, according to a study by Connors et al (2009), some children put themselves under pressure to perform well because they have worrisome thoughts and concerns about the consequences of failure if they do not. It could be argued that this level of worry should have no place in the mind of a child of primary school age, although it does further illustrate the importance the children place on SATs. Secondly, many children realise that SATs results are important to their teachers; consequently, the children also perceive them as important (Webb, 2006). This realisation, generally speaking, is a subconscious o ne: the children are not told outright by the teacher that the SATs are important. Instead, the curricular focus on the preparation for the SATs signifies their importance in the childrens minds. Furthermore, if the children respect their teacher (the way they should in an ideal situation), then they may feel under pressure to perform well in the SATs to attempt to prove that their teacher has taught them well, thus enhancing their reputation. One final important point about this kind of pressure is that it may not necessarily have a negative effect on all children; conversely, some children may thrive on it, and work harder and achieve higher as a consequence. It can be argued that any increase in pressure will increase the likelihood of stress and anxiety, particularly in the case of children, who will not have had the experience of coping with such pressure increases at this stage of their lives. According to Yarker (2003), children, particularly at Key Stage One level, become stressed through constant teaching to the test and test practice, due to both its intensity, and its implementation to the apparent exclusion of the rest of the curriculum. However, Byrne and McGavin (2004), whilst acknowledging the stress that this may cause to children, argue that it is the thought of, and the participation in, the tests themselves that cause the highest levels of stress and anxiety in children. In certain severe cases, research has even discovered a direct link between these SATs related stress levels that can be detrimental to the childs health and their life outside school, such as loss of sleep (Yarker, 2003), loss of appetite (Hall et al, 20 04) and headaches (Connors et al, 2009). With regard to childrens emotions about the prospect of being formally tested, some children were excited and were looking forward to taking the tests, according to a survey by Connors et al (2009). A possible reason for this could be the fact that they may regard the tests as the culmination of their hard work, and they offer them the chance to put their newly acquired skills and knowledge into practice. They can prove to themselves and to their teachers that they have learnt what the tests require them to learn. In contrast, other children can display signs of nervousness and apprehension during the period immediately prior to taking the tests (Connors et al, 2009). Reasons for this could include the fear of getting a poor result, which may not only adversely affect their self-esteem, but may also make the child think that their teacher (and possibly their parents and their peers) will think less of them as a result. They may also worry that they have not worked hard enough, or not achieved enough in the target subjects to obtain the level that they want to achieve. Furthermore, children can often have problems during the taking of the test itself (Byrne and McGavin, 2004), not only for the aforementioned reasons, but also due to other factors. For instance, many children, particularly at Key Stage One level, may find it difficult to formulate answers and recall previous learning and knowledge under the pressure of timed test conditions. Furthermore, if the child is not in a prepared, focused frame of mind before the test starts, this can affect their performance on the day, which could lead to a lower, potentially misleading test result. In conclusion, it is clear from the evidence that primary schools take the process of preparing children for the SATs tests very seriously. However, the way in which this issue is approached depends on the individual school concerned, and the ways in which they implement their teaching and classroom procedures. One thing remains constant, though. Regardless of the methods used, and the reasoning behind them, SATs will have an academic, attitudinal and emotional impact on childrens education in the final year of each Key Stage. Although the evidence available has predominantly shown a bias towards SATs having a negative impact in these respects, they can have a positive impact under the right physical and mental conditions. In the same way that the approach to SATs depends on the individual school, the level and the inclination of the impact depends on the individual child, and their individual level of aptitude, dedication, self-belief and resolve. Reference List / Bibliography Byrne, K. McGavin, H. (2004) A parents guide to primary school. London: Continuum Connors, L. et al (2009) Causes and consequences of test anxiety in Key Stage 2 pupils: the mediational role of emotional resilience. In: British Educational Research Association Annual Conference. University of Manchester, 2-5 September 2009. Cullingford, C. (2006) Pupils views of the school experience. In Webb, R. (ed) Changing teaching and learning in the primary school. Maidenhead: Open University Press Drummond, M. J. (2003) Assessing childrens learning. London: David Fulton Fielding, S. et al (1999) The (mis)use of SATs to examine gender and achievement at Key Stage 2. Curriculum Journal, 10 (2), pp. 169-187 Gipps, C. V. (2002) Beyond testing: towards a theory of educational assessment. London: Routledge Falmer Green, C. et al (2001) Children put the national tests to the test. Education 3-13, 29 (3), pp. 39-42 Hall, K. et al (2004) SATurated models of pupildom: assessment and inclusion/exclusion. British Educational Research Journal, 30 (6), pp. 801-817 Headington, R. (2003) Monitoring, assessment, recording, reporting and accountability: meeting the standards. London: David Fulton Sainsbury, M. Sizmur, S. (1996) Curriculum-based assessment and the search for authenticity. In Sainsbury, M. (ed) SATs the inside story: the development of the first national assessments for seven-year-olds, 1989-1995. Slough: NFER Tennent, W. et al (2008) Assessing reading at Key Stage 2: SATs as measures of childrens inferential abilities. British Educational Research Journal, 34 (4), pp.431-446 Webb, R. (2006) Teachers perspectives on teaching and learning in a performativity centre. In Webb, R. (ed) Changing teaching and learning in the primary school. Maidenhead: Open University Press Whetton, C. (2009) A brief history of a testing time: national curriculum assessment in England 1989-2008. Education Research, 51 (2), pp. 137-159 Wintle, M. Harrison, M. (1999) Coordinating assessment practice across the primary school. London: Falmer Press Yarker, P. (2003) The hours of folly: settling accounts with SATs. Forum, 45 (3), pp. 98-101

Buddhism Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People around the world speak of American influence in politics, business, and merchandise. The terms ‘globalization’ or ‘global interdependence’ are recently being more understood by most when defining them with relation to corporations, environmental issues, and the modern economy. Can these terms be used to describe the religious beliefs in Canada? The religious life of North American society does not find its roots here at home. We live in a Christian domain. Its roots are 2000 years old and lie half way around the world. It is all around us in our homes, schools, workplace, media, and quite inescapable in our daily lives. In the 21st Century however, basic Christian values are being influenced by ‘Eastern’ religions. Buddhism, in particular, is becoming very popular in North America. What happens when a person attempts to be a Buddhist follower in a Christian society?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Long before Christian missionaries spread their word around the globe, Buddhist monks were traveling afar attracting followers. Buddhism was the world's first missionary religion. There was no evidence that any religion before it was interested in spreading their faith on a world-wide basis. Indeed, the opposite was the case. Pre-Buddhist religions were more interested in excluding others from its fold rather than welcoming them. However, outside Asia, these missionary attempts were somewhat unfruitful. Although Buddhism successfully spread throughout Asia it remained virtually unknown in the West until modern times. Knowledge of Buddhism has come through three main channels: Western scholars; the work of philosophers, writers and artists; and the arrival of Asian immigrants who have brought various forms of Buddhism with them. Many Tibetans, for example, fled from their country after the Chinese takeover in 1959. The wars in Indochina in the 1950s and 1960s led m any Vietnamese people to move to and settle in America. Other Buddhists from countries such as Thailand have established businesses in the larger Western cities. They have all brought their Buddhist beliefs to their new homes, and helped to set up Buddhist centres all over North America. With technology and the expansion of travel and communications, the West has been able to find out more about Buddhism in this century than in all the time before.   Ã‚  Ã‚  &nb... ...d by an arrow wishes to know who shoots the arrow, from which direction it comes, whether the arrow head is made of bone or iron, whether the shaft is of this kind of wood or another before he will have the arrow removed. This man is likened to those who would like to know about the origin of the Universe, whether the world is eternal or not, finite or not before they will undertake the practice of a religion. Just as the man in the parable will die before he has all the answers he wants regarding the origin and nature of the arrow, such people will die before they will ever have the answers to all their irrelevant questions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Personally, learning this theory has caused me to first, sigh in relief. I sigh because I realize that the Buddha is right. I realize that all the stress in deciding on a religion is completely irrelevant. The first step is accepting the world the way it is, at the present time, and understanding it. Then, concentrate on the things that are causing the suffering in my life. Without being a Buddha, one can live a life that would please any God (real or not, in almost any religion), while at the same time that person can be happy. Buddhism Essay -- essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People around the world speak of American influence in politics, business, and merchandise. The terms ‘globalization’ or ‘global interdependence’ are recently being more understood by most when defining them with relation to corporations, environmental issues, and the modern economy. Can these terms be used to describe the religious beliefs in Canada? The religious life of North American society does not find its roots here at home. We live in a Christian domain. Its roots are 2000 years old and lie half way around the world. It is all around us in our homes, schools, workplace, media, and quite inescapable in our daily lives. In the 21st Century however, basic Christian values are being influenced by ‘Eastern’ religions. Buddhism, in particular, is becoming very popular in North America. What happens when a person attempts to be a Buddhist follower in a Christian society?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Long before Christian missionaries spread their word around the globe, Buddhist monks were traveling afar attracting followers. Buddhism was the world's first missionary religion. There was no evidence that any religion before it was interested in spreading their faith on a world-wide basis. Indeed, the opposite was the case. Pre-Buddhist religions were more interested in excluding others from its fold rather than welcoming them. However, outside Asia, these missionary attempts were somewhat unfruitful. Although Buddhism successfully spread throughout Asia it remained virtually unknown in the West until modern times. Knowledge of Buddhism has come through three main channels: Western scholars; the work of philosophers, writers and artists; and the arrival of Asian immigrants who have brought various forms of Buddhism with them. Many Tibetans, for example, fled from their country after the Chinese takeover in 1959. The wars in Indochina in the 1950s and 1960s led m any Vietnamese people to move to and settle in America. Other Buddhists from countries such as Thailand have established businesses in the larger Western cities. They have all brought their Buddhist beliefs to their new homes, and helped to set up Buddhist centres all over North America. With technology and the expansion of travel and communications, the West has been able to find out more about Buddhism in this century than in all the time before.   Ã‚  Ã‚  &nb... ...d by an arrow wishes to know who shoots the arrow, from which direction it comes, whether the arrow head is made of bone or iron, whether the shaft is of this kind of wood or another before he will have the arrow removed. This man is likened to those who would like to know about the origin of the Universe, whether the world is eternal or not, finite or not before they will undertake the practice of a religion. Just as the man in the parable will die before he has all the answers he wants regarding the origin and nature of the arrow, such people will die before they will ever have the answers to all their irrelevant questions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Personally, learning this theory has caused me to first, sigh in relief. I sigh because I realize that the Buddha is right. I realize that all the stress in deciding on a religion is completely irrelevant. The first step is accepting the world the way it is, at the present time, and understanding it. Then, concentrate on the things that are causing the suffering in my life. Without being a Buddha, one can live a life that would please any God (real or not, in almost any religion), while at the same time that person can be happy.

Career Mobility: A Choice or Necessity? Essay examples -- Argumentativ

Career Mobility: A Choice or Necessity? What is triggering the industrial, occupational, and geographical mobility of today's workers? Some believe it is a response to downsizing and restructuring. Others believe it reflects a pursuit for job advancement and a better quality of life. This Digest examines the factors triggering workers' career mobility and suggests ways workers can use career mobility to capitalize on the dynamics of a changing workplace. Factors Contributing to Career Mobility Job mobility in the U.S. work force has become the standard employment pattern in today's workplace. Between 1991 and 1996, the median job tenure for men 25-64 years of age fell by an average of approximately 19 percent, with older workers most affected: males 55-64 years of age had a 29 percent drop in tenure and males 45-54 years of age, a 25 percent drop (Koretz 1997). Although the job tenure of females remained somewhat constant during this period, this may reflect the increased numbers of women who have entered the work force during these same years rather than stable job tenure patterns. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 10 percent of the work force switches jobs every year (Henkoff 1996). The following are some of the factors contributing to the career mobility of today's workers. Search for Competitive Employment Positions Organizational downsizing, outsourcing, and restructuring have eliminated many positions of midlevel management (Appelbaum and Santiago 1997). The typical mid-management workers in transition are 45-58 years old with over 20 years of job tenure (Unger 1995). Many older workers nearing retirement age are also in transition as organizations increasingly offer them incentives to leave the... ...t 1996): 24-25. Griffin, D. "What I Do for Love." Working Woman 20, no. 12 (December 1995): 39-41. Henkoff, R. "So You Want to Change Your Job." Fortune 133, no. 1 (January 15, 1996): 52-56 Kaye, B. "Up Is Not the Only Way." Training and Development 50, no. 2 (February 1996): 48-53. Koretz, G. "Economic Trends: Dangers for Job Changers." Business Week no. 3450, November 13, 1995, p. 38. Koretz, G. "Job Mobility, American-Style." Economic Trends Section. Business Week no. 3511, January 27, 1997, p. 20. Stroh, L.; Bret, J.; and Reilly, A. "Family Structure, Glass Ceiling, and Traditional Explanations for the Differential Rate of Turnover of Female and Male Managers." Journal of Vocational Behavior 49, no. 1 (August 1996): 99-118. (EJ 527 061) Unger, P. "Culture Shock: Tips for Transitioners." Management Review 84, no. 6 (June 1995): 44-48.

Essay on Eating Disorder - Bulimia, the Destruction of Self :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Bulimia - The Destruction of Self Bulimia nervosa, more commonly known simply as bulimia or binge and purge disorder, is an eating disorder that affects 1 in 4 college-aged women in America, or 1 in 10,000 Americans. The most common misconception concerning bulimia is that it is simply a physical or mental problem. Many people do not understand that bulimia is a disease that affects both the mind and the body, and in its course can destroy both aspects of the diseased individual. Bulimia affects a variety of different people, but generally the victims will fall tend to fall into certain categories. Those at highest vulnerability to this disease are young adult females, ages 12 to 18. The disease, however, can start as early as elementary school, or much later in life. Others (such as athletes competing in sports such as ballet, gymnastics, ice-skating, diving, etc.) may also be pressured into starting bulimic habits. Males who perform in athletics such as wrestling and dance are at high risk for developing the disease as well. Victims of bulimia can often be linked to being victims of verbal, physical, and/or sexual abuse, though not all are. Bulimia may also contain ties to diseases such as clinical or manic depression. Bulimics often start out with anorexa (starvation and excessive exercising), or may turn to anorexia after being bulimic. Bulimia is marked by significant cycles in eating habits. Bulimics will often starve themselves (calorie/food/fat intake restriction -- sometimes with the help of diet pills or supplements) for extended periods of time prior to a massive binge, during which they consume abnormal amounts of food in a short period of time. These binges are followed by purging, which generally is constituted by self-induced vomiting. Other methods of purging the body include the use of diuretics, laxatives, and excessive exercising. Bulimics are generally within what is considered to be a "normal" weight range, but see themselves as being overly fat, or suffer from an intense fear of gaining weight. They often do realize that they have a problem, but by that point the cycle has become an obsession. Bulimics usually weigh themselves frequently, even several times daily.

Marketing Analysis of Vinegar in Hengshun Company

The No. 3 of Arts building Zhejiang University City College 51 Huzhou Road 1 December 2011 Professor Min He Teacher of Consumer Behavior 51 Huzhou Road Dear Professor He Attached is the report you requested on 1 December analyzing the marketing situation of XIANGFEI vinegar in HENGSHUN Company. The report mainly includes market analysis, market strategy, SWOT analysis and recommendations of XIANGFEI Vinegar in HENGSHUN Company. Recommendations are made that, if implemented as soon as possible, should make it better. Preparing the report has been challenging and most worthwhile.I will be available if you have any queries or wish to discuss any part of the report in more detail. Yours sincerely Student in CB Class A REPORT OF THE MARKETING ANALYSIS OF VINEGAR IN HENGSHUN COMPANY AS AT DECEMBER 2011 Prepared for: Professor Min He Teacher of CB Zhejiang University City College Prepared by: Student in CB Class Date of submission: 12 December 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Summary iv 1. INTRO DUCTION 1. 1 Authorization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 1. 2 Aim of Report†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1 1. Scope†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 2. 0 BACKGROUND 2. 1 Company Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 2. 2 Consumer Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 2. 3 Competitor Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 2. 4 Condition Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 3. 0 ANALYSIS 3. 1 SWOT Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3. 2 4Ps Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 4. 0 PLAN AND RECOMMENDATIONS 4. 1 Marketing Plan†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 4. Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 5. 0 CONCLUSIONS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 List of References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Summary This report was commissioned by Professor Min He to analyze the marketing situation of XIANGFEI vinegar in HENGSHUN Company. The report focuses on these aspects: market analysis, market strategy, SWOT analysis. By analyzing these, a market plan should be made. As financial crisis is going on, the companies in all aspects suffered a decrease in their busin ess. After analyzing the background of HENGSHUN, it is clearly to know the conditions of company.HENGSHUN Company registered capital is 127. 15 million Yuan. Stock price is $7. 1 per share. New total share capital is 127. 15 million shares. Annual sales are more than 1. 1 billion. By August 2011, the company's total assets are 3. 28 billion. What’s more, HENGSHUN become the first listed company in 2001, and this company developed much faster than before. From the selected information, its product sales grew over 20% between July and August in 2011, and the estimated growth rate of this year will more than 25%. In 2009, the operating income of HENGSHUN Company is 1. 74 billion Yuan, and the growth is over 68. 09%; the company earned 40,440,000 in the same period, and doubled compared to prior to listing performance. The company is committed to extending modern new spices and vinegar products research. At the same time, relying on the century brand, the company has implemented Trans – regional development at Chongqing, Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places, where established the condiment production base. At present, HENGSHUN Vinegar has been developed from a traditional sauce vinegar manufacturer into the largest and most modern vinegar production enterprises.The company mainly produces vinegar, soy sauce, pickles, rice wine and other traditional and modern brewing condiment, deferred compound condiments, vinegar manufacture and sale of health products . And the company's new product development in line is based on the dominant market, orienting to consumer demand and the purpose is to improve the level of consumer health. The company also did the market segmentation and established development direction . It adheres to the † customer first â€Å"and implementing tracking services to speed up the popularization and application.What’s more, by the use of 4Ps analysis, it is easy to explain the present circumstance of HENGSHUN Compan y. So did the SWOT analysis. Then, making an advertisement video is for the aim to propagate the brand awareness of HENGSHUN Company. Recommendations have been made that, if implemented, should give HENGSHUN Company a better market plan and strategies. These include: build its own famous brand with the authority of government; using the statues of stars and experts, ask them to endorse the products of HENGSHUN Company; setting a goal as green brand. . 0 INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Authorisation Professor Min He, teacher of class CB, requested this report on 1 December 2011 1. 2 Aim of Report The purpose of this report is to provide an report of the marketing analysis of XIANGFEI Vinegar in HENGSHUN Company. It aims to suggest recommendations to promote the XIANGFEI Vinegar in a better way. 1. 3 Scope The report will introduce the background of HENGSHUN Company and the XIANGFEI Vinegar. And the next is analyzing the competitors to HENGSHUN Company, such as DONGHU vinegar Company and SHUITA Com pany.Also the following is to describe the market segment. Next, the positioning strategy and promotional mix and how they will be applied in the marketing will be mentioned. Finally, the advertisement plan and some recommendations for this vinegar will be demonstrated. 2. 0 BACKGROUND 2. 1 Company Background First comes the financial condition:The registered capital of HENGSHUN Company is 127. 15 million Yuan. Its stock price is $7. 1 per share. Annual sales are more than 1. 1 billion. By August 2011, the company's total assets are 3. 28 billion.Then following are the general managerial skills. The company is committed to extending modern new spices and vinegar products research. At the same time, relying on the century brand, the company has implemented Trans – regional development at Chongqing, Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places, where established the condiment production base. Based on the inheritance of ancient brewing techniques, the company boldly introduced moder n high- tech and advanced management experience and invested in the new city of Dantu in â€Å"HENGSHUN industrial park â€Å".Following is the production capabilities. At present, HENGSHUN Vinegar has been developed from a traditional sauce vinegar manufacturer into the largest and most modern vinegar production enterprises. The company mainly product vinegar, soy sauce, pickles, rice wine and other traditional and modern brewing condiment ,deferred compound condiments, vinegar manufacture and sale of health products . Its investment involves biological health, real estate, packaging industry and commerce retail. At last follows something about its reputation.Jiangsu HENGSHUN Vinegar Industry Company was founded in 1840, the DAOGUANG of the Qing Dynasty as â€Å"old China† business. HENGSHUN product has won international gold medal for 5 times, also 3 times for national quality award, the national geographical indication products and the brand – name product in Chin a. 2. 2 Consumer Background According to our investigation, its current consumer is mainly housewives, and the potential consumers maybe are the husbands and the aged. As a condiment, housewives are the main consumers who usually do the cooking in the family.Since it is a kind of fruit vinegar, it has a lot of functions to prevent diseases and keep healthy. It can restrain and reduce the formation of the aging oxide in human body, so as to achieve anti-aging and make skin smooth. Another function: Promote the body's metabolism, remove fatigue, relieving alcoholism, lose weight clear bowel. Another function: Softening vessels, reducing blood fat and cholesterol. This is suitable for the aged. A specific questionnaire has been designed to understand the needs of the customers. Then depending on the research, it is lear to decide marketing contents. 2. 3 Competitor Background According to lan Gordon (2002): ‘a company should look two ways—at the individual customers it has chosen and the specific competitors it intends to beat. As to HENGSHUN, Vinegar business in Shanxi province is the biggest competitor. The old vinegar in Shanxi already has a more than 1000 years history. And among the four famous vinegar companies, it still is in the top. As the news reported, Shanxi old vinegar has occupied 10% of the marketing. DONGHU Vinegar Company is a major sale company of the Shanxi old vinegar group co. td. Because of the high brand awareness, DONGHU has become the main and strong competitor of HENGSHUN. But also because of being as the place of origin, DONGHU was treated as a going-down company, so it give more chances for HENGSHUN to reaching its goal. According to the news on the economics of Shanxi Daily, due to the depressiveness in the vinegar marketing, the shares of sale will not increase rapidly, but with the promotion of consumption, HENGSHUN has a high possibility to raise their sale occupation relying on its high brand awareness. (Shanxi vinega r: fighting for honor. http://www. aynews. com. cn/sxjjrb/122745. html) 4. Condition Background Firstly, the economic condition will be analyzed. In recent years, Chinese economic strength becomes stronger and people's living level improves, so people began to pursue the high-quality life. Of course, the average price of HENGSHUN’s vinegar is higher than competitors’, but the taste and quality is better than others. Because Chinese persons’ financial burden released, people prefer to use better vinegar which is more health and tasty. HENGSHUN became the first listed company in 2001, and this company developed very fast.Product sales grew over 20% between July and August in 2011, and the estimated growth rate of this year will more than 25%. HENGSHUN Company invested in real estate development, which brought their profit and challenge. Then is the political condition Zhenjiang HENGSHUN’s vinegar brewing techniques has been protected and appreciated by Chin ese government. According to China’s State Council announced in 2006, Zhenjiang HENGSHUN’s vinegar brewing techniques has been included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage, which s the food industry in Jiangsu Province, and it is also the only selected traditional craftsmanship. As for the culture condition, HENGSHUN’s vinegar is a famous and outstanding brand of Zhenjiang vinegar. HENGSHUN Company carries forward Chinese traditional food culture and revives national industry. In the same time, HENGSHUN absorbs the advanced science and technology to promote industrial updating. 3. 0 ANALYSIS 3. 1 SWOT Analysis ‘SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in a project or in business venture.In involves specifying the objective of the business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to achieve that objective. ‘ ( Xing 2009,p. 50) 1. Strength: HENGSHUN Company is a listed company. It has a higher awareness of its brand, and because of its stocks, more and more people will pay attention to its trend of development. 2. Weakness: Because of its creation date, it is much later than the vinegar business in Shanxi Province. So many the aged prefer the long-history brand, such as DONGHU Company, SHUITA Company.And the price is higher than others, so some working class people would not choose this kind of vinegar. 3. Opportunity: As the development of IT and media, HENGSHUN will be known by more and more people. And, due to its use of high-technology, high and new quality of vinegar will be produced, like fruit vinegar, seafood vinegar. As Roininen, K (2001) points out, attitude scale that purely concentrate on its taste, and health in the food choices, 4. Threats: DONGHU Company has reproduced a new kind of vinegar.And lots of new vinegar company has founded recently. HENG SHUN will face more powerful company in the near future. And also because the instability of the stock markets, HENGSHUN’ stocks are in a embarrassed circumstance. 3. 2 4Ps Analysis As Kotler, P (2009, p. 48) points out, the marketing mix consists of everything the firms can do to influence the demand for its product. The many possibilities can be collected into four groups of variable known as the ‘ 4 Ps': product, price, place and promotion. And the 4Ps analysis is often used in the firm promotion period.As Glowa, T (2001) points out, understanding how consumers make complex choices is a critical component of market strategy. 1. Product: XIANGFEI vinegar is something like apple vinegar. Both of them are all used for the health or beauty reasons. As Garber, L & Starr, RG (2003, pp3-15) points out, the most important apple vinegar attributes for consumers are its taste and odour. So XIANGFEI vinegar in HENGSHUN Company just focuses on these two aspects. HENGSHUN Company is committed to extending modern new spices and vinegar products research.Based on the inheritance of ancient brewing techniques, the company boldly introduced modern high – tech and advanced management experience. The company mainly product vinegar, soy sauce, pickles, rice wine and other traditional and modern brewing condiment ,deferred compound condiments, vinegar manufacture and sale of health products. Its investment involves biological health, real estate, packaging industry and commerce retail. 2. Price: As far as we know, the vinegar prices of HENGSHUN Company are commonly acceptable. But in contrast to the other small brands, its price is a little higher.Especially, the XIANGFEI vinegar is much more expensive than others, due to its function in health protection and beauty. 3. Place: HENGSHUN Company was founded in Jiangsu Province, so its loyal consumers concentrate on the southern areas. Another reason is the northern people much more delighted with the old vineg ar in Shanxi Province. According to Don Hutson (2008): ‘As a salesperson, understand that the concept of place is complex. ’ So as for the sale area, it is an obvious significant problem waiting HENGSHUN to solve it. 4.Promotion: In terms of promotion, using a brief video is to do the advertisement for HENGSHUN Company. This video was separated into three parts. First is focusing on the function of health care. It can restrain and reduce the formation of the aging oxide in human body, so as to achieve anti-aging and make skin smooth. Second is to stress another function: Promote the body's metabolism, remove fatigue, relieving alcoholism, lose weight clear bowel. Lastly, the function of softening vessels, reducing blood fat and cholesterol have been mentioned. 4. 0 PLAN AND RECOMMENDATIONS 4. Marketing Plan Firstly, HENGSHUN Company should pay more attention on the product strategies. Develop the new technologies, as to the aspects of treatment, beauty, health, in order to change the vinegar image which is in consumers’ minds. As to the HENGSHUN’ image, it is also waiting to be changed. Second is the value pricing method, at the low level market with a low price but high quality products and services which is under the condition of reducing costs without sacrificing the quality. HENGSHUN should control its price at a acceptable range, so as to keep the loyal consumers.And this also can improve its brand loyalty. Thirdly, the company can do the promotion by carrying out all kinds of lectures to make consumers know the functions much better. And next is the sales strategies, nowadays, HENGSHUN must make full use of supermarkets. It must be sure that the products of HENGSHUN should be put at the conspicuous place. So it can attract more people and propagate its brand. 4. 2 Recommendations 1. Build its own famous brand with the authority of government. In the powerful government-decided society, the honor delivered by the government will give the sense of reliable.Relying on this, HENGSHUN Company can achieve much more than present. 2. Using the statues of stars and experts, ask them to endorse the products of HENGSHUN Company. It usually can work in a short time. 3. Setting a goal as green brand. Focus on the function of health and environment protection. Produce the new kind of vinegar so as to follow the trend of the modern society. 5. 0 CONCLUSIONS After analyzing all these aspects, the background of HENGSHUN Company has been know, included the financial condition, general managerial skills, production capabilities, reputation, and marketing skills. Similar essay: Reed Supermarkets: a New Wave of CompetitorsThen by using the 4Ps, its marketing circumstance in this environment has been investigated. Also relying on the SWOT analysis, it is helpful to discover the strengths, weaknesses, opportunity, and the threats which HENGSHUN Company will be faced in the near future. And at last, relying on a video, it is a useful skill to attract consumers. What’s more, some market plans and recommendations have been given to HENGSHUN Company for their better development. List of References Hawkins, Mothersbaugh, and Best , 2009, Consumer Behavior: Building Marketing strategy, 10th edition, china machine press, pp. 57 Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong , 2009, Principles of Marketing, 11th edition, Qinghua press, pp. 48 YQ Xing, 2009, Management ,2nd edition, High Education press, pp 48 Shanxi vinegar fighting for honor. ,viewed in 1 December, 2011, http://www. daynews. com. cn/sxjjrb/122745. html Hutson,D 2008 Sell value, not price, Acant hus Publishing, Boston Garber, Lawrence & Starr, RG (2003), Measuring consumer response to food products, Food Quality and Preference, vol. 14, pp3-15 Lan, G 2002, Competitor targeting, J.Wiley& Sons, Etobicoke Glowa, T (2001), Understanding how consumers make complex choices, http://www. glowa. ca/Understanding_consumer_behaviour. pdf Finance and economics, viewed in 3 December, 2011, http://finance. sina. com. cn/realstock/company/sh600305/nc. shtml Roininen, K (2001), Evaluation of food choice behavior: development and validation of health and taste attitude scales, Academic Dissertation, University of Helsinki, Department of Food Technology, http://ethesis. helsinki. fi/julkaisut/maa/elint/vk/roininen/evaluati. pdf

Essence of Educational Tour Essay

NARRATIVE REPORT â€Å"The World is a book and those who do not travel read only a page†Ã¢â‚¬â€St. Augustine. Educational Tour is part of the students’ journey towards learning. Learning is not only limited inside the four (4) walls of the classroom, because we learn best when we are exposed to new experiences and things around us. I, for one, I’m looking at tours optimistically, that with the help of bringing the students’ outside, they tend to discover new things that they’re actually involved. During our educational tour dated September 11-13, we’ve gone to Cebu City, the Queen City of the South. I, together with my co-students who are second year, third year and fourth year witnessed how it was really great to be exposed in some schools around Cebu. We are there not only to merely have fun; rather we are there to learn lots of things that are in line with our chosen field or specializations. We’ve gone to different schools namely CNU (Cebu Normal University), Cebu Braille Center, SWU (Southwestern University). USJR (University of San Jose Recoletos), Saint Ezekiel Moreno Learning Center, Lapu-Lapu City Elementary School and Mandaue Sped Center. All of these schools provided all the needs that every student/pupil is to acquire as it is concern in educational system. During our visit, I was amazed on the facilities and services they provided to their students, in CNU (Cebu Normal University), they first introduced the history of where, how, and when did Cenu Normal University has started, its founder, its origin and how it evolves to become one of the best school around Cebu, they brought us to Cebu Braille Center and explained to us that they were not owning this center, but because they wanted to help those special children, they let this center be in their community and later then they would want to find ways and means to adopt this center as to be included in the Cebu Normal University Program. As I visit the center, I was very happy to saw how the students and pupils were trying their best to learn despite of their conditions, I was also touched by those teachers who render services to teach the students, and was greatly dumbfounded when I discovered that those visually impaired graduates of their very own center, were there to teach those s tudents like them also. There were different facilities that could be  found also, this facilities or resources were highly needed by the visually impaired learners, these were some of the resources found: a) perkins brailler, which is actually some sort of type writer for the visually impaired, b) perkins printer, c) vector voice gadget, that records the things that they should study, d) talking calculator, e) cane, f) Braille letters/cards. I observed that their materials involve sounds or voice as well as to touch. And I am still amazed how they can still manage to live life while smiling and I tend to cry knowing how brave and strong they were. The next school we visited was the Southwestern University wherein I’ve discovered a teacher teaching kindergarten and was able to realize that in order to catch the attention of your learner, you should make use of a teaching strategy, and the teaching strategy she actually used was playing guitar that introduces her lesson which was all about vowel let ters. I was really enjoyed looking at the teacher and the learners learning together. That was a kind of fulfilling moment on the part of the teacher. She was not only a teacher that time; she also became a singer and a guitarist. How wonderful to looked at the learners’ faces enjoying the lesson. Another school we visited was the University of San Jose University Recoletos and Saint Ezekiel Moreno Learning Center and they welcomed us warmly, there I’ve known Ma’am Joynalyn Ceballos who speaks about the courses offered in the school, the programs they have and the policies they practice to produce a good student. We also visited there library, and upon entering our jaw dropped for a while because of their library that was absolutely stunning. Their library was built properly, its structure that almost stops everyone who entered. They have their books on their second floor which looks like a compilation of books slightly closed to the roof. They also have their Laptop area, a kind of table that able you to charge your laptop when the need arises. They have also a book check and a machine that tends to give an alarm when the books you’ve borrowed were not checked properly by the book check machine. So, there’s no reason to lose their books there. And Mrs. Ma. Socorro L. Padilla, their Librarian explained this all. We also visited their Data Distribution center where all the internet connections are controlled, and I saw a huge kind of cabinet made of steel and iron and have talked to Sir Rodelo Acasio, their programmer and controller. I also interviewed Mrs. Concepcion Delos Reyes, the secretary of the College of  Education, and she told me that they have 20 faculties in the school both part time and full time. And in St. Ezekiel, we observed the Special Children having their program. I felt terribly moved by what I saw, because I can’t even imagine myself be in their position, I felt very happy an d somewhat like sad. Happy because they were given opportunity to be involved in that kind of event and also sad, knowing how hard it was to be in their situation. The next school we visited was Lapu-Lapu City Elementary School and observed a Special Education class as well as the different grade year levels, and I was able to witnessed how the gifted or the fast learner students could actually sang a full song with a fast beat even if they were still in grade 1. I therefore realized that the learners in grade1 have special gifts that actually beyond any normal children does have. Lastly, was the Mandue Sped Center, and Maria Delia Minoza the principal had a lecture or talked about Special Education, their special needs, the different kinds of special children, their capabilities and the services as a Sped Teacher should have in teaching different kinds of special children. She also added that SPED TEACHERS are just like Gaisano Mall, 1 store but has it all. Same as when you are a Sped Teacher, 1 classro om, but has all the intelligences of the special children that you should control. I was able to saw the bakery of the center, headed by Ma’am Carolina F. Ambray. She told me that the bakery was there to help the special children to knew how to bake, and she also added that the bakery was itself controlled by those children with Autism and disability. They were the one who bake, make some cookies, cakes and breads. They also have waving machine, a machine that creates or produces cloth such as shawl or bags made by abacca. And with all these, I was being surprised because just like us who do not have disability, special children were productive also in their own little way. All that I’ve discovered were never been this amazing. I was very surprised, amazed, grateful and with mixed emotions. Even from the very first moment to visit Cebu, I realized how important a teachers’ role is, how important the facilities takes part in the day to day life experiences of the learners, how the teaching strategies, teachings could actually build a better student and because of what I have seen with this educational tour, I realized how is it very hard to have a disability and impairment, that regards of your loss or limitation. There are still chances to become productive, we should  never criticize and instead we should reinforce, motivate and show to the special children that they really do belong just like us. DOCUMENTATION Cebu Normal University Cebu Braille Center Lapu-Lapu City Central Elementary School University of San Jose Recoletos Mandaue Sped Center These were the facilities found in the center; the center was teaching the students how to bake so that they would know to manipulate these objects. Because these objects were given by Japan group intended only for those learners with autism and any disabilities. Also, we have the waving machine; a machine used to create blankets, bags and shawl. In Mandau Sped Center, they were not only teaching the students to learn academics, rather they were there to support the skills and abilities of the students. Enriching the capabilities of each of them and tries to showcase all the needed learning that every Sped students should and must acquire. BEED-4 Of the 4 days tour, which part of the tour is educational or memorable to you? Of the 4 days tour, the part of the tour that I can say educational and memorable to me was when I able to visit the different universities/school around Cebu. I learned a lot, I discovered a lot and I realized a lot. I learned that educational tour was there not only for the benefit of having fun but, it is there to let you experienced a one of a kind journey that you could never experience when you were only inside the 4 walls of the classroom. I discovered that schools in Cebu City namely; Cebu Normal University, Southwestern University, University of San Jose Recoletos,  Lapu-Lapu City Central Elementary School, Cebu Braille Center and Mandaue Sped Center were a great school that enriches the knowledge and learning both normal students and special children. The universities provided a very edge-weapon towards excellence, and the evident fact of this were the facilities, structure, programs that the school were offering to produce a globally-competitive individual. From Cebu Normal University, which you could found the Cebu Braille Center, they caters different types of Special children whether visually impaired, hearing impaired and a lot more. They provided materials for these individuals to learn more, and that would help them be convenient enough in studying. In Southwestern University, where the teacher I have observed make used of the different techniques and strategies to make the kindergarten would really have fun in learning. In University of San Jose Recoletos wherein the facilities needed for the betterment of the learning were found, specifically the high-tech library that I could say that was absolutely conducive for learning, their Audio-visual room that looks like a theater, and the controlling unit of the internet connections made me feels terribly amazed. In Lapu-Lapu City Central Elementary School that the gifted students were found moved me because I can’t actually imagined that a grade 1 pupil could actually sang a song which was in a fast beat, and take note that they sang it from the beginning until it ends. And their I saw also the Special children who were mute and I was very happy to looked at them welcoming us. And the Madaue Sped Center that teaches not only in the academics but also enriches the capabilities of the students through sewing, baking and many more. They have a facility such as sewing machines, they have bakery exclusive only for children with autism and disability and they have also waving machine to vreate blanket, bags and shawl that were made purely in Abacca. Schools were there to educate the students, and if a school has a good quality of service, with a lot of facilities to be used in enriching the capabilities of the students, I know for sure that they could produce a student who can compete globally and will become a catalyst of the society. I was really amazed of what I have discovered during the tour, and I realized that being a teacher was not really an easy task to take, we may encounter different attitude, behaviors and values. And if we surpass these kinds of children successfully, I believe that we will become a teacher full of gratitude, understanding and  love towards our pupil. Even Sped Teachers because as what Ma’am Ma. Delia Minoza, Sped Teachers are just like Gaisano Mall, 1 store but has it all. In relation to Sped Teacher, 1 classroom but has all the behaviors to control. The experienced I had could never ever be erased and will always be a part of the journey that I’m going to take. Education is the key.