The Expansion of Human Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Expansion of Human - Essay Example Applying this assumption on the case study, it can be well noted that policy making in the case presented by Thomas Foerster has been a good yet effective adherence example of rational model. The policies including the provision of labor to the people without going door to door shows the county to be a stable society where change can be brought easily because people have great interest in the public policies. Thus, it can be said that the case study does not go against the rational model and justices it as a realistic model to be following in case of formation of public policy (Lewis, 2007). Political Model of Decision Making: It is without doubt, evident that the political representatives are able to introduce and implement a public policy because this is more of a challenge for them to show people that they can perform very well on a public platform. Also, this is directly linked to development of society as well economics. It should be noted that the adherence of the case study to the politics model of policy making is limited and does not evoke a clear defense. Thomas Foerster has acclaimed a number of claims regarding policy making but he does not stands out as a political representative who was able to undergo policy making process without any complications. Thus, it can be associated that the author is against the political model to serve when it comes to decision making for formation of policy making (Lewis, 2007). Process Policy Making: Process policy model undergo a number of steps for policymaking which includes identification of the problem and then demanding the government to take action. Furthermore, formulation of a policy needs proposals and few deals that policy representatives can make. Also to note is the fact that the implementation of a policy is as important as its demand creation in front of the government. Noting these points in the case study, it can be said that the author gives enhancement to undergo a policy in a similar manner. The claims against the model are only visible when the implementation of the chosen policy is not possible since there was incomplete or negligible support from the government as posed in the case of Thomas Foerster. Thus, both defensive yet claims in against the model are present in the case study as stated above. Cobb and Elder Model of Public Policy: It should be noted that the case study under review follows and includes the main aspect of policy making which was raised as a concern by Cobb and Elder. It should be noted that according to Cobb and Elder, there are many issues in a society that can be solved by creating public interest and personal interest as an element to bring change or policy to provide intervention (Stewart, Hedge, & Lester, 2007). This is also the second most imperatives step in the model. Assessing the case study, it becomes fairly evident that firstly, the policy representatives need to identify the issue and then further expand it. This can only be done by co nsidering the issue as personal issues. This is evident in the case study through the context of Thomas Foerster as he was thinking the

Supporting teaching and Learning Essay Example for Free

Supporting teaching and Learning Essay Summarise entitlement and provision for early years education 1.1 Local education authorities are funded by the government to ensure that every three and four year old child has access to free part-time education. Fill in the missing words and numbers in the following paragraph below: Every three and four year old child is entitled to early year’s education in an inspected setting which is found to be . The funding is available for hours a week for weeks of the year. Free places are available in a number of settings including: school nurseries, and private day nurseries. Explain the characteristics of the different types of schools in relation to educational stage(s) and school governance. 1.2 Explain the post-16 options for young people and adults 1.3 Patrick has left school at 16 with 5 GCSEs and is unsure about what to do next. He is interested in a career in physical education. What education and training options are available to him? Carry out independent research to see what options Patrick has. Patrick’s options Positive aspects Negative aspects 2.1 Within a school there are different people with various roles, all of which are necessary to ensure the smooth running of the school. Complete the table below to show the responsibilities of the school governors, senior management team, teachers, support staff and the SENCO (Special Educational Needs Co-ordinator) Job role Responsibilities School governors Volunteers who ensure the school provides a good quality education. Set the aims and policies of the school. Set the schools budget. Senior management team Teachers Support staff SENCO 2.2 As a teaching assistant you may be expected to work alongside many different educational professionals. Talk to your class teacher or SENCO about the various educational professionals who visit the school and what  they do. These may include speech therapists, child psychologists and other support workers who visit the school. Write an overview of what the educational professionals do in your school. 3.1 Each school will have a mission statement, ethos, aims and values. Describe the following terms: Ethos Mission Aims Values 3.2 Ask your school if you can have a copy of its mission statement. Alternatively, this information is often available on the school website. Think about how the ethos, mission statement, aims and values of a school may be reflected in your working practice while at the school. Fill out the table to show the different methods of communicating a school’s ethos, mission statement, aims and values and evaluate the differing methods. Ensure that you look at the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Methods of communicating Advantages Disadvantages

The Major Battles of the Civil War Essays -- Civil War History Histori

The Major Battles of the Civil War No other war seems to hold our focus like the Civil War. Scholars have chosen to make it their life's work, authors have written reams about it, and we all feel some kind of connection to the Civil War. This paper was created to highlight some of the major battles that took place during that conflict. Major battles usually marked a drastic change in the momentum from one side to the other or led to massive losses of troops. These battles and their results all played a huge part in the outcome of the war. One of the war’s first battles was the Battle of First Bull Run. Today's site of the Battle of First Bull Run is a tranquil pasture surrounded by trees and a split rail fence. Instead of the neigh of a horse, you'll hear, in the distance, the sound of passing cars. A community college has a campus nearby, couples enjoy the sunshine and a nice walk, and a few kites fly leisurely in the breeze held by the hands of children. It's nothing like July 21, 1861; it's quiet. Everyone in Washington and the surrounding area had heard talk of the troops gathering outside Manassas Junction, Virginia. Expectations ran high that the Union troops would quickly send their Confederate brothers running for the hills. Buggies of spectators traveled the thirty miles from Washington to see the battle. Picnic baskets were opened and folks prepared to watch the show. No one expected what they saw. This wasn't one of the biggest battles of the war, but it was the formal opening for both sides. Of the 32,500 Confederate soldiers, 1,982 of them became casualties, while the Union counted 2,896 casualties from 35,000 troops. Many thought this would quickly settle the dispute; all it did was prepare everyone for a long war and move the Federal government into action. Another major battle took place at Shiloh. Isn't it strange that a battle as bloody as the battle at Shiloh would begin on a Sunday morning and be named for a country church near the battlefield? Maybe the soldiers didn't even see the irony. Then again, maybe someone did. The Union soldiers weren't prepared for the charge of their Confederate brothers. Many of the Union troops were untrained and undisciplined, but as in so many battles of war, mundane events served to alter the future. General Albert S. Johnston, CSA, had given his commanding generals orders to attack ... ...uring the Peninsula Campaign in 1862. He impressed his commanding general, Major General George McClellan, and steadily made rank afterward. Meade commanded a division at Antietam and the V Corps at Chancellorsville. Lincoln chose Meade to replace Major General Joseph Hooker in June 1863, as the commander of the Army of the Potomac. Meade was criticized for not pursuing the Rebel forces after the battle, but that didn't shake Lincoln's faith in Meade. Meade held command of the Army of the Potomac until the end of the war and became the most successful and longest serving Union commander. There were many battles that followed the battle of Gettysburg. Some were more important than others, but all played a part in the outcome of the war. The victories by the Union at Petersburg and Richmond led General Robert E. Lee to surrender at Appomattox. This effectively brought the most horrifying war in American History to an end. Many American soldiers died but not in vein. They fought for our country and to help hold it together. These battles and many more just show us how horrible war was, but without these battles America wouldn’t be what it is today, a unified and free country.

Major League Baseball :: essays research papers

A Winning Hand In all professional athletics a team’s general manager is a huge piece of their overall success. In this particular situation we are dealing with baseball, where a team’s general manager is huge. There are some excellent general manager’s in Major League Baseball such as the Dodgers Paul Depodesta and the Red Sox Theo Epstein. But in this article the author specifically focused on the one GM who everyone that is familiar with sports knows of, the Oakland Athletics Billy Beane. Beane has always been a big time GM of the A’s Sandy Alderson. Alderson was the general manager of the Athletics back in the early 90’s when Billy Beane was just an Oakland scout. Beane has always been a part of big time free agent pick ups, trades, bring in rookies, or unloading franchise players. In 1992 while being a scout he and Alderson following an American League West title unloaded pricey free agent super stars, no wait resigned them. Now that does not sound like the B illy Beane of today. Ron Darling, Mark McGwire, Ruben Sierra, and Terry Steinbach all were given long term deals. So why to this day does Beane get rid of high priced star players rather than resign them like he and Alderson did in the past. Well maybe it’s because their decision to resign those players was merely an emotional decision, or maybe it’s because the team suffered six consecutive sub .500 seasons since all those re signings. That was chapter one of three in the Billy Beane era. Chapter two occurred a few A Winning Hand 3 years back when the A’s climbed back out of the AL West cellar and became a first place team again. Oakland now had a new GM, (Billy Beane) who succeeded alderson. Boy has he done an incredible job since acquiring that position in rank. Beane and the Athletics payroll is about $60 million, which is considered to be very small market. Billy Beane first created a star in now New York Yankee’s first baseman Jason Giambi. Giambi’s career sky rocketed in Oakland where he won the American League MVP award with Oakland. Now you would think a GM with any brains would resign a player like that immediately, not Beane. Giambi left and is now a Yankee, battling parasite sickness, and busy apologizing to the sport and fans of baseball because he used steroids.

First experience to a foreign country Essay

I have an aunt who has been living in the United States since she was eighteen years old and she used to invite me to stay with her many times. One day I decided to go. Staying with her and her family was one of the greatest experiences in my life. Besides learning a new language, I made new friends and I really got into the culture of a great and beautiful country. When I arrived there, I got very excited. First, I was excited because it was my first time in a foreign country, and second because I was going to live something really new in my life. On the other hand, learning English wasn’t an easy process because my aunt used to speak just Portuguese with me; I used to take English classes just twice a week and all the students were foreign too. My experience of learning English in a regular course was limited to this little experience and a short period taking English as a Second Language at the local College. Thus, from that period until de end of the time there, I learned the language with the people from the city and the new friends I had met. Besides the experience of studying a new language, making new friends was the best aspect of living abroad. I had a girlfriend who lived in a beautiful city by the Pacific Ocean and I used to spend every weekend with her. We used to go out often and in one of these times I met my first American boyfriend. He was handsome and very kind and we had a great time together. He took me to many interesting places and showed me the authentic American way of life by introducing me to his family, his friends and his culture. Moreover, going out constantly and talking to him helped me to improve the skills with the language and mainly to be familiar with the American people and their habits and customs. Another great experience I had was working as a babysitter. Once I read in the newspaper an advertisement looking for a foreign girl to take care of two children. At first I got really scared with the big responsibility of taking care of two children, but I decided to live this new adventure. The family’s house was in a very nice place by the ocean and the children were very cute and curious about my â€Å"weird accent†. In spite of the fact that this new experience wasn’t easy due to my lack of practice at that time,  everything went well and the whole situation was very meaningful to my life.

Music Industry and Technology

Music Industry and Technology Thesis Statement Changes in the information and communication technology directly impact on the music industry. Emergency of new technologies has shaped the music industry so far and will also determine the future of the industry. Advancements in technology have influenced the music world both positively and negatively.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Music Industry and Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The advancement of technology over the last century has revolutionalized how music is made, distributed, marketed and listened to. The use and invention of MIDI, Sequencers and the advent of the internet has promoted file sharing, music downloading and piracy. On the other hand, there are also many gains accrued to both customers and artistes due to same technologies. Introduction This paper explores both the positive and negative impacts of technological advancement on the music industry. The paper fur ther describes some of the technological innovations and analyses how the innovations have contributed to the positive growth of the music industry. Moreover, the paper looks into the future of the music industry based on changes occasioned by technological development. The final section of this paper highlights how various technologies have shaped the music industry and what it all means in terms of future music production and distribution. Technology and Music Industry Music production requires the use of gadgets or instruments. As a result, advancement in the music industry is directly dependent on the technological changes. Technology changes affect the way music is composed, recorded, produced and distributed. As technology improvements are registered in the world of communication, so also does the music industry become very dynamic. Technology has made it easy to produce and reproduce music. Due to efficiency in music production, mass production of music recording is very easy (Beken 242). Mass production is easy because technology enables easy reproduction of recorded music. The ease to reproduce music is positive because it helps artistes to serve mass markets. However, the ease in reproduction has led to the piracy phenomenon. Piracy is where individuals reproduce music without permission of the rights owners. There is much debate with regard to whether music piracy serves any meaningful purpose. On one hand, piracy is more or less like fraud. However, piracy is not entirely bad. Through piracy, musicians are heard by many and this blows their popularity to high ratings.Advertising Looking for term paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A musician is like a brand and the extent to which they are able to connect with fans makes a great difference. Therefore, although music piracy leads to recording companies making losses, it in a way helps musicians in mounting popu larity. With the advent of the internet, piracy has gone really hi-tech and easy to execute. Although internet related downloads lead to loss of revenue on the part of musician and producers, it can be argued that music piracy has improved accessibility to music. Through the internet many fans can have accessibility to songs not easily available in print and even music produced by unknown artistes. Some little known artistes easily create a wave by releasing their little known music to music pirates. With regard to upcoming artistes, the use of internet has increased or made them more inclined towards experimentation. The upcoming artistes are able to test market their music. Through streaming the music on the net, they are able to analyze response to their music and drum up or psyche up fans towards more record sales and huge concert participation. Historically, the music industry in the US was under control of four major companies which included the â€Å"Sony Music Entertainment †, â€Å"Universal Music Group†, †EMI Group† and the â€Å"Warner Music† (Scott 123). These were recording companies that had resources to support their artistes by providing advertisement through radio and music shows (Scott 123). Most artistes struggled to catch the attention of and get signed up by any of the big established labels. Those that could not clinch contracts with these prestigious firms had to go to smaller labels that didn’t have much resource. The smaller producers or labels could not provide as much exposure as the artistes would have liked. Entertainment related advertising requires huge investing. The challenge is compounded by the fact that there are many established artistes who carry the limelight. The cost of production in the music industry has for long remained very high. When an artiste does not contract with the big labels, they get low quality products into the market. For instance, the videos produced by such compa nies are of low quality thereby prompting their not to being shown on television. Technological advancement has made music production easier and even little known labels can now deliver quality. When it comes to advertisement and exposure, the internet through music download has provided a better avenue for artiste to get exposed widely.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Music Industry and Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Technology and Fight against Piracy in the Music Industry As already indicated, improvement in technology has led to easy reproduction of music. This in return has led to piracy or illegal reproduction of music. Although, piracy in some cases works to the advantage of artistes, it is generally a vice that has to be tackled. By downloading music posted on the internet and sampling the same, individuals may like the music and decide to buy other albums are associated with the same artis te. Consequently they may decide to share with their friend, who may in turn end up buying the same copy of music. The positive side of music piracy notwithstanding, this vice has challenged music industry in a devastating way. Its effects have been felt by artiste and also pirates themselves. The law enforcers and the recording industry are on the look out and are cracking down the pirates around the world. Additionally, the consumers who are beneficiaries of pirated albums lose due to the discouragement it serves on artistes. The consumer will enjoy taking the shortcut in order to save some dollars but by not buying original music, the musicians get discouraged thus the music industry suffering. Secondly, when many consumers go for pirated products, the producers are forced to sell the original music exorbitantly so as to recoup production costs. As a result, the genuine consumers continue to suffer and piracy is further fueled or encouraged. Piracy has caused companies in the mus ic industry to lose colossal sums of money. Most recording companies don’t generate sufficient revenues to finance their production costs. Moreover, to remain in the market, most of them use much of the profits that they get to subsidize their music so that it moves in the market. This means that profitability is largely affected. As a result, not much money is available to invest in expansion or to sign in new artistes that would take music to a higher standing. The pirates have not realized how costly it is for the producers or if they do, they are very insensitive whenever they steal the music. Piracy has killed the creativity of most artistes in the music industry. Most songwriters, singers, producers and those involved in the music industry have been deeply affected. This is because the royalties’ and fees that are supposed to be accrued from the business are not realized. This fee is necessary for any artiste to make a living. To add injury on insult, recording c ompany, labels and artiste’s reputation is entirely damaged by the inferior quality that is produced by the pirated music copies.Advertising Looking for term paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To ensure that artiste and the music industry remain successful, measures and elaborate framework to counter piracy such as incorporation of anti-piracy campaigns, extensive support from governments, and incorporation of technology enabled anti-piracy catch nets come in very handy. Governments have to develop policies that are pro-industry. Technology experts should come up with measures to easily identify pirated and counterfeit music and the law enforcers should be on alert to exercise justice. MIDI One of the technological developments that have revolutionalized the music industry is ability to synchronize musical instruments with computer technology. Technology advancement in the music industry allows both computers and most of musical instruments to communicate effectively. The efforts to have musical instruments communicate effectively with computers led to the creation of MIDI. MIDI is basically the short form of â€Å"Musical Instrument Digital Interface†. This is a c ommonly used language for transmission of information in an electronic environment between computers (Rumsey 81). This technology facilitates artistes to play instruments which are MIDI enabled and allows their music to be captured by the computer system in form of a MIDI file. When MIDI came into existence, more instruments supporting this form of files were created and enhanced to provide efficient utilization of this technology. MIDI technology has brought about more instruments which support this file formats which include keyboards used by pianist, electronic sets of drums used by percussionist among other instruments (Rumsey 160). The MIDI technology has facilitated the development of MIDI software’s, which are compatible with the instruments developed to enhance performance by musicians. This has assisted musicians’ performances to be recorded at the same time being notated in a real music sequence. MIDI provided a kind of â€Å"real† recording studio whe re musicians got the opportunity to record their music in real time (Rumsey 165). The MIDI software systematically controls the beat of the music being played. MP3 MP3 technology is another advancement that changed the music industry. MP3 is a music sound compression technology which reduces sound sequence into a small file without interfering with the original quality of sound. MP3 files are easily identified with an .MP3 extension. The MP3 technology has help to shape the music world. Technology makes it possible to download huge files of songs and other media files on the internet and compress them in an MP3 player or device and hence having a choice of songs to listen to (Rumsey 55). The technology has helped to save disk space at the same time saving expenses on purchasing storage devices such as CD’S, Tapes and other expensive storage devices. The Internet has played a significance role of promoting the use of MP3 devices. Many websites have promoted the use of MP3 as a device by either giving applications that facilitates file compression or linking the user to appropriate site where the user can download songs of his or her choice. Moreover, most websites have effectively complied with copyright laws and allows the users to buy music of their choice. The latter have developed their MP3 song formats which ensures that high audio quality is guaranteed at the same time marketing them to allow accessibility to more audiences. However, the use of MP3 and the websites used to promote it illegally is causing the music industry to loose millions of dollars (Rumsey 117). These sites have encouraged copyright violations because it is illegal to alter or copy any music from an audio or CD device and redistribute without being given consent by the owner. Whereas there has been an effort to curtail this form of music piracy, currently, no sure measure has proved to work regarding copyright and secure song distribution standards. Sequencers Sequencers are ano ther technological advancement or innovation that has helped change the music world. This technology has also in a big way had an impact on the music world. This technology has been around in one form or another for quite some time but it found its way into music industry not long ago (Rumsey 219). Sequencer is popularly known to people as â€Å"4 track recorder†. Sequencers facilitate recording of actual sound as it is being played. Sequencers began appearing in the music industry as software’s mostly installed in computers. Early computers didn’t have enough memory to handle the capability of the sound produced i.e. Sound files could take up more space than text conventional files; hence this decreased their usage (Rumsey 118). However, in recent years, sequencers are popularly used by both musicians and non musicians to enhance their music production. The technology has decentralized what was seen as an exclusive work of recording engineers to virtually anyon e. Moreover, the software is cheap and is even offered for free by some parties (Rumsey 222). Sequencing and MIDI technology has facilitated change in the music industry because once these applications are available to an ordinary person; he or she can record his or her own music. Both applications have revolutionalized the music industry and created opportunities for accessibility to wider musical creations; especially for average person (Rumsey 221). Other technological advancements that have changed the music industry include the use of wave files, digital technology, CD-Rom and web pages. Most web pages created by musicians are interactive thus providing real time interaction between fans and artistes. This technology has enabled not only the musicians (those people who have formal education in music and its performance) and almost anyone who has a passion for music to manage to compose, record and share their pieces of work. CD-ROMs are already packaged multimedia which contain s information about different kinds of music, mostly the style and history. Digital technology makes it possible to record live music directly using the computer and writing the music on a CD; a process called â€Å"burning†. E-music stores Technology has successfully enabled the creation of online music databases and the coming up with music programs to support its growth. Programs such as iTunes and Napster music stores have promoted the sale of e-music by charging a fee which is smaller for any song and other media based files (Leonhard 295). Although this sounds much cheaper than buying the original song, in the real sense it has some fee attached and hence many people tend to prefer using other costless methods to get the song they want. Music Applications/programs With advancement in IT, many more music applications and programs have been created. These music applications and programs facilitate fast music download on the internet. Music applications such as cabos, kaza a, limewire, among other applications, facilitate fast download of music files on the internet. These applications have killed the music industry because they get music and other media files absolutely free and without recognition of the owner of the file (Leonhard 121). Although, theses applications provide a standard platform of getting older music that are not available in print or discovering a new artiste but they help to kill the music industry. Internet Files Sharing The emergency of file sharing has facilitated sharing of files and data that is being distributed. File sharing facilitates accessing files, which is stored remotely and allows people to extract, copy, retrieve files or information only if they have access privileges. File sharing is only possible because technology allows or enables it to happen (Frakes 403). File sharing has created an impact in the music industry and has affected the revenue accrued from the sale of music online. Internet has made it possible for users to access thousands of files stored in different locations around the world. File sharing has been facilitated by having sophisticated software’s which makes it possible to acquire genuine music and directs it to unknown server (Frakes 407). From the server, users only have privileges’ of only logging in and accessing thousands of songs then they can make a choice in terms of which songs they want. Open file sharing has provided a mechanism by which millions of files can be shared among artistes and other parties in the music industry. E-File sharing has facilitated reduced probability of people purchasing original music. Most people have favored online file sharing instead of purchasing CDs and tapes (Cusic 87). However, the music industry has inflated prices on its original CD’s making file sharing a route to acquire songs of interests. This has encouraged rapid increase in E-file Sharing. Music Labels Modern labels have changed the way and means of producing and distributing music. The changes in ways of music production and distribution have created a shift in individual artiste engagement of the market. Technology has lowered the cost of production (Cusic 125). As a result, individual artistes can now produce themselves easily. Individual artistes no longer see the need of signing big contracts. The current changes enabled by technology allow modern labels enough flexibility and more prospects (Wang 146). Technology, therefore, does not just mean more money in the banks but also easier production and more creative solutions. Social Networking Websites and Music Recording Industry Technology has provided a platform whereby people across the world can share music and other information at a click of a button. Additionally, social network websites have been on the increase. This proprietor incorporate into their site a database which enables musicians to upload their albums at the same time encouraging their supporters to listen to them free of charge (Burgess 45). Social websites such as MySpace, face book among others have been in the forefront of providing storage space for most of the artistes. Consequently Social websites have provided a platform on which artistes, who by other means wouldn’t have been known, to advertise their music. Through social network sites, musicians are able to promote their albums hence reaching more audiences. MySpace for instance has launched and promoted much successful music careers and has assisted artiste in getting recording contracts (Burgess 67). Future of Music Industry Just like the music industry has so far been shaped by technological advancements, the future of the industry is also pegged on technology. The process of distribution of music will continue to change toward more electronic means and recording companies will be powerless to do anything regarding this. There will be a challenge of securing rights especially with the emergency of digital network s, licensing and e-distribution (David 66). Consequently, online music marketing is likely to expand and become a major avenue of music selling. The growth and expansion of online music industry is projected to increase. The technologies will double the availability of online database and the download speeds of music will increase. One of the greatest concerns for the future music industry will be piracy and security of files especially due to sabotage maneuvers of rival music camps. There is need for effort towards technology that can help curb piracy and any form of illegal downloads. As of now, technology to guard against piracy and illegal download is yet to gain accessibility in the music industry. The software will greatly improve illegal file download and protect the artistes, music industry and customers as well (David 2). Legislation by governments to protect and institute legal framework to deal with copyright issues, piracy, counterfeits will see the music industry thrivi ng hence making good fortune. Technology and Changing Artiste Attitude Due to technological changes, the attitudes of musicians have also been changing over time. The emergence of new and unknown artistes is expected to change the course of music industry. Many of them do not put much effort in making their original music. Secondly, they do not focus on creating music that is good in itself but rather music that they think people will like. Going into the future, larger recording companies as well are likely to be inclined towards compelling artistes to come up with music that can sell. The concern is with production of music that can easily be taken to by fans once released in the market. Going by technology and already recorded trends, many small independent labels are likely to be the norm of the future. The emergence of small labels allows the artiste to do what he or she deems is best for her music (David 146). It also allows for lesser known artistes to grow at own pace and no t to be held back by recording company requirements. These little known artistes are known to take personal initiative with zeal, they posse’s creative ideas and have clear song structures. Artistes’ attitudes are also changing in terms of what they expect when they produce music. Rather than expecting royalties, artistes are looking forward to other benefits (Burgess 17). Such benefits may include gigs or opportunities for live performances and marketing deals. The music industry should embrace music piracy, instead of fighting it; they should analyze the important ideas behind it because most of the ideas benefit the music industry as a whole. The technology behind should be appreciated as well. The music industry in the future instead of encrypting the CDs, they should come up with a strategy of building a system whereby most of the music is accessible for free, so that if the customers feels that she or he likes the music, it can be easier for him to buy. This proc ess will be inexpensive strategy to support an artiste at the same time positively transforming the impact of â€Å"free music download† Streaming The music industry is being transformed by the emergency of streaming technology. This is seen by most people as an alternative and remedy to the problem of music piracy. This is a feature which allows someone to view a movie or a song partly, without having permission to download it (Cabrera 109). This will be an important step in the music industry because it will enable people to sample new albums and make a choice either to buy it or not. Future of CDs’ Technology advancement is likely to yield the manufacture of rip proof CDs. Such technology will play a major role in curtailing music piracy. Once they are rip proof, it will be difficult for the CD’s to be ripped or copied on a computer system. This will only allow the person who originally bought it to be the one to posses and use (Cusic 110). However, this tech nology will make it impossible for the rightful owners to copy the CD for personal use thus rendering devices such as iPods obsolete. CDS are slowly but surely being faced out as people go for other convenient mediums on which to record and sell music. Digital music downloads, iPods, MP3 are some of the technological devices and mediums that are facing out the CD technology (Cusic 123). The shift from CDS to digital music downloads is facilitated by the availability of fast internet speeds, which allow for quick music downloads at a relatively cheaper cost. Additionally, recording companies and artiste will prefer having an online database for storage of their music which will facilitate accessibility to wider audiences or markets. The online databases will eventually kill the CD technology because audience will prefer purchasing a song directly using their iPods, MP3 players and their computer systems (Cusic 126). E-music music databases for example â€Å"youtube† will reduc e the ability of CD survival because consumers will prefer listening to their favorite music for free; provided they have a steady and fast internet connection. Conclusion Developments in the music industry are pegged on technological advancement. So far technological developments have enabled file sharing, video streaming, piracy, online music purchasing, and music storage by the use of iPods, MP3 players and phones. Through such like devices or platforms both consumers and artistes are advantaged while being disadvantaged in other ways. The technological advancements have provided artistes and their customers with platforms on which they interact whereas doing business in a more elaborate and enhanced manner (Wang 123). The enabling properties of technology have made music production and distribution easy. This has led to artistes being able to sell massively thus creating many billionaires in the industry. However, technology continues to threaten the industry in terms of quality of production and Piracy. Due to technology making recording and distribution easy, everyone has become a producer thus compromising professionalism in the industry. Vices like piracy have become more pronounced due to the enabling effects of technology. Through the internet, stealing music through downloading has increased and mechanisms have to be developed so that both artistes and consumers continue to enjoy the privilege of accessibility offered by the internet while not abusing each other’s rights. Beken, Tom. Organized Crime and Vulnerability of Economic Sectors: The European Transport and Music Sector. California: Maklu, 2005 Burgess, Richard James. The Art of Music Production. London: Omnibus Press, 2002 Cabrera, P, J. IPhone Games Projects. Michigan: Springer, 2009 Cusic, Don. Music in the Market. North Carolina: Popular Press, 1996 David, Matthew. Peer to Peer and the Music Industry: The Criminalization of Sharing. California: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2010 Frakes, Dan. Mac Os X Power Tools. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2004 Leonhard, Woody. Windows XP Hacks Mods for Dummies. London: For Dummies, 2005 Rumsey, Francis. Desktop Audio Technology: Digital Audio and Midi Principles. Massachusetts: Focal Press, 2004 Scott, Michael, D. Internet and Technology Law Desk Reference. New York: Aspen Publishers, 2009 Wang, Wally. Steal this File Sharing Book: What They Wont Tell You About File Sharing. New York: No Starch Press, 2004

Free Essays on Sony Betamax Vs. VHS

Sony Betamax vs. VHS I will be presenting to you a study on the background of the Sony Betamax. I will illustrate the marketing mix and strategy that was used and how Sony tried to capture their target market. I will go then describe what caused them to fail in their mission and how I plan to implement a new and more comprehensive strategy. This new plan will focus more on competing at a higher level with the competition along with trying to capture the consumers expectations during development of the product through extensive surveys and market research analysis. In 1975, Sony entered the videotape player market with the U-matic format. Due to its heavy and nearly cumbersome nature, this player was soon relegated for primary use to the submarkets, such as schools and commercial sites. Later that year they introduced the Sony Betamax. This machine was developed to directly sell to the everyday consumer and alleviate some of the nuisances created by the U-matic. These two products entered the market at such a head start they were able to set the standard. Sony was able to corner the market share until competition arrived in the form of the VHS format in 1976. The initial marketing strategy Sony employed was simply to create a videotape player that would provide the consumer with superior sound and video quality. They attempted to do this without any market research to pinpoint what the consumer really considered important. A simple mass market approach was used in trying to advertise this product. With this in mind I will break the Betamax experience down into what their target market was and what research, if any, was conducted for this product. The four P’s will be answered, and the lessons that were learned for their endeavor with this product will also be examined.. Sony initially conducted their market research to find out where their target market was located. Introduced in 1975, the Sony Betamax was a ... Free Essays on Sony Betamax Vs. VHS Free Essays on Sony Betamax Vs. VHS Sony Betamax vs. VHS I will be presenting to you a study on the background of the Sony Betamax. I will illustrate the marketing mix and strategy that was used and how Sony tried to capture their target market. I will go then describe what caused them to fail in their mission and how I plan to implement a new and more comprehensive strategy. This new plan will focus more on competing at a higher level with the competition along with trying to capture the consumers expectations during development of the product through extensive surveys and market research analysis. In 1975, Sony entered the videotape player market with the U-matic format. Due to its heavy and nearly cumbersome nature, this player was soon relegated for primary use to the submarkets, such as schools and commercial sites. Later that year they introduced the Sony Betamax. This machine was developed to directly sell to the everyday consumer and alleviate some of the nuisances created by the U-matic. These two products entered the market at such a head start they were able to set the standard. Sony was able to corner the market share until competition arrived in the form of the VHS format in 1976. The initial marketing strategy Sony employed was simply to create a videotape player that would provide the consumer with superior sound and video quality. They attempted to do this without any market research to pinpoint what the consumer really considered important. A simple mass market approach was used in trying to advertise this product. With this in mind I will break the Betamax experience down into what their target market was and what research, if any, was conducted for this product. The four P’s will be answered, and the lessons that were learned for their endeavor with this product will also be examined.. Sony initially conducted their market research to find out where their target market was located. Introduced in 1975, the Sony Betamax was a ...

Was America a free society in the 1920s essays

Was America a free society in the 1920s essays Was America really a free society in the 1920's? Freedom covers many aspects of life : human rights, religious freedom, economic freedom, freedom of expression and political freedom. In America in the 1920's there was an illusion of freedom - but some people were more free than others and this depended on race, social class and political belief. There was a big divide between rich and poor and this was further exagerrated by the divide between the urban and rural populations. The smaller farmers suffered from low income. The government did nothing to help, as it was Republican and believed in not interfering with American peoples lives. This ties in with the idea of economic freedom - the rural poor were not free because they could not afford to buy what they wanted. They barely had the money to survive, let alone the opportunity to earn the extra money to buy the things that they needed. The mining story was much the same. As the demand for coal dropped, the wages were lowered and the hours for miners were longer. A non-union policy was set up in many mines, which prevented any worker from joining a trade union. This meant that they could pay lower wages and charge less for coal and get a bigger percentage of the market, (65 percent in 1926.) So the freedom to join a trade union was taken away. As a citizen of the United States of America, you had the right to vote, that is if you were classed as a citizen. Citizenship excluded blacks and Indians in most states, and even communists in one. This exclusion was more prominent in the Deep South where racism was still a bitter fact of every day life. The Jim Crow laws prevented black people from voting, getting a good education and even riding on buses in the seat they wanted to sit in. (Despite this fact, many black people rose to the top and got good jobs such as lawyers). The majority of blacks though, were employed in low paid, dirty jobs, such as bin men and toilet cl...

Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis Paper - Essay Example In the summer of 1990, adventurer Christopher Johnson McCandless left for an unknown destination. The Story of Chris McCandless as narrated by Jon Krakauer reflects a personal journey whose justifications may never be known. He had donated all his savings, spent his cash and deserted his car to re-invent a new life for himself. In 1992, his decayed body was located in the Alaskan mountains. Donner insinuates that the experiences and journey of McCandless compare largely with the experiences of the Prophet Muhammad in his early life (22). This is because both characters underwent similar experiences of inner motivations that led them to engage in audacious acts that were challenging and extraordinary in their respective societies. I believe that McCandless and Muhammad focused on attaining knowledge, lived in precarious environments, and valued the need to study societal processes. Similarities John Krakauer believes that inner obsession and youthful desires led McCandless to undertak e that journey (1). He reconstructs a clear prism through which he brings together the unsettling facts of Christopher McClandess’ life. By digging deeply, Krakauer unfolds the secrets that the life of McCandless depicts. He integrates the reflective pull of the American jungle on the reader’s imagination as well as the fascination of the high-risk activities in the wilderness performed by young people. ... With that, he liberated himself to indulge in nature freely with new experiences. The surprise of the story is that McCandless had grown in the wealthy neighbourhood of Washington, D. C., and had graduated with an honours degree from Emory University. Nonetheless, these factors did not fulfil him. His ultimate desire was to undertake an Alaskan odyssey in the wild for a whole summer. He was probably harrowing with the desire to make an extraordinary step in his life. McCandless shocked the world by leaving a nearly perfect life. Interestingly, he had left a full trail of travails documents, photos and diaries. In his diaries, he depicts a journey of a hunger experience driven by a kind of immortal grandeur. He contemplated in the emptiness of the material world. He had planned to attend law school in the future. Supertramp (1) disagrees that McCandless was still naive and experimental. He traversed the country using meagre means. In few times he sought employment and in hard times re fused help from strangers. He can be defined as an idealist whose life was cut down before he could realise its full benefits. He had made an impact on nearly all the people he had met along his journey. His journey was quickly prepared without plans. He did not have a rifle, an axe, a compass, or a map. This was an arrogant decision because the environment that he was going to face was harsh and dangerous. The life of Prophet Muhammad closely relates to the experiences of McCandless. Mohammad grew up in a society that was blemished by violence, hunger and warfare. However, he had received a normal upbringing even following the loss of his parents at a young age. His father passed before he was born, while the mother passed when he was six years old. His

The Effects of Equal Employment oppertunity legislation Research Paper

The Effects of Equal Employment oppertunity legislation - Research Paper Example The Act intended to eliminate discrimination in all areas of life overcoming the past unequal orthodox social set up. For the enforcement of these laws Congress established the enforcement authority EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunities Commission). The laws currently enforced by the EEOC include Title VII of the Civil Right Act 1964, the amendment which appears in volume 42 of the US code. It prohibits employment discrimination based on color, race, religion, sex and national origin. Other laws related to the EEO legislation are Equal Pay Act of 1963, Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, Americans with disabilities act of 1990, Civil Rights Act of 1991, Rehabilitation Act of 1973. The laws cover all areas of possible discriminations like age, disability, national origin, race, religion, sex, and also ensure the prevention of sexual harassment and retaliation. The laws also insist to implement equal payment system with out any discrimination (Federal Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Laws). All these legislations brought about drastic changes in US labor market. The enforcement of these la ws has altered the social context of hiring, firing and promoting. It covers all areas of employee – employer relationship from advertising, open position through termination or retirement. The law insists that the disabled also must be given opportunities based on their education and other skills. The EEO legislation has proved how the diversity qualities like age, race, religion, sex etc. can be utilized by an organization as their support of business objectives. Teams or organizations with greater diversity enjoy the availability of a richer set of ideas, perspectives and approaches to deal a business issue. Many employers today get benefited by the talented segments of work force in the competitive global economy. Diversity provides the possibility for greater innovation and

The View On The Future Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The View On The Future Life - Essay Example Now if I talk from the realistic perspective, I see my self at a stable position after ten years. It is because currently I am a high school student and I have plans to study further until I become a graduate. If I continue my studies, I will be able to earn a graduate degree, which will be one of my greatest achievements. Even being a high school student, I have no fantasies in my mind. Being a realistic person, I see myself doing a reasonable job in a company after getting my graduate degree. It is because every person does some sort of job after completing the education which is a realistic approach towards life. Therefore, I am hoping for the best but with that, I am also ready for the worst because, in reality, nothing is certain about the future of any person.There is a huge difference between the romantic and realistic approaches towards life. The romantic approach means a dreamy, idealistic, or impractical approach towards life. Romanticism makes a person idealistic, which is of very less importance in the real life. Romanticism generates a sense of fantasy in the mind of a person that leaves behind the importance of a practical and realistic life. If we talk about realistic approach, we can say that realistic approach is a sensible and rational approach towards life. Realism generates the sense of practicality in life. Realistic approach definitely leads a person towards success because it incorporates practical and fact-based thinking regarding different matters of life.

Whole Foods Market Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Whole Foods Market - Case Study Example This case study provides a different look at the situation, wherein the specificity of the supplies is what gives the product and services of WFM its value. Following the turn of the millennium the market for natural and organic food sales shifted from niche to mainstream. Once considered excessive in terms of cost and unimportant in terms of health, WFM pioneered and developed an industry that now accounts for more than 2.5%, or $13.8 billion in US food sales annually. This product line has shown greater growth in sales than traditional grocery offerings for the last several years. Further, studies indicate that this trend will continue into the future as the Baby Boomers reach senior status, their children enter middle age and their grandchildren reach adulthood. Each of these generations has enjoyed a greater degree of disposable income and exposure to higher education; factors which both play a major role in WFM’s market demographic. With that said, at the time this study was written, their organizational objective was to reach $12 billion in revenue and have more than 300 stores in operation (Harasta & Hoffman, n.d.). They w ere able to achieve only half of this objective by reaching 304 store locations domestically and another 12 internationally for a total of 316 current locations (â€Å"Our Stores,† n.d.). Unfortunately, while up 12% from 2009, they fell short of their fiscal goals reaching $9 billion in sales in 2010 (McCann, 2010); however with only half of the 2011 fiscal year gone they have significantly overtaken the half-way mark of 2010 by already producing $5.4 billion in sales (McCann, 2011). WFM face three pivotal issues that are hindering their ability to expand at a faster pace: Increased competition, rigid target market requirements and a limited supply of natural and organic goods.  Currently, they control 47% of organic food sales in the US; however similar vendors and national supermarket chains have taken notice of the profitability of natural products and entered the market with varying degrees of success.

Meeting the need for large family homes in mixed tenure estates with Essay

Meeting the need for large family homes in mixed tenure estates with little equity and poor quality existing housing - Essay Example ew of this need, there is a greater challenge in meeting the need for large family homes in mixed tenure estates with little equity and poor quality existing housing. The Council has a plan of developing up to 365,600 houses by 2026 to address this problem having studied the current need and the population growth rate. In 2007, the UK government issued a policy statement on â€Å"Building a Greener Future† which envisioned the construction of zero carbon homes from 2016. The approach to zero carbon homes is based on the following key points: high energy efficiency, direct heat connection or minimal carbon reduction onsite and offsite solutions for countering other emissions. Birmingham City Council’s policy on housing regeneration and development finds its roots upon this reality. This calls for the development of housing plans that will ensure minimal environmental degradation. Buildings, according to government surveys, are responsible for up to 50% of UK’s carbon emissions and energy consumption with homes currently accounting for 27%. From these figures, it is beyond doubt that homes contribute significantly to global climate change. Energy consumption and carbon emission levels can significantly be reduced by making improvements to energy performance and utilisation in homes. This can also be reduced by installing efficient certified air conditioning systems in homes which should be regularly inspected to ensure they meet regulatory requirements. Heating water in tanks is known to greatly increase the amount of energy used in homes. Water heaters installed in homes should be instant (tankless) heaters as opposed to traditional heaters which have tanks. In general, families need to have awareness of how to use energy efficiently and by installing equipments which have automated control systems. During construction, design, and installation considerations must be taken into account. Only efficient models of heating equipments and energy consuming

Whole Foods Market Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Whole Foods Market - Case Study Example This case study provides a different look at the situation, wherein the specificity of the supplies is what gives the product and services of WFM its value. Following the turn of the millennium the market for natural and organic food sales shifted from niche to mainstream. Once considered excessive in terms of cost and unimportant in terms of health, WFM pioneered and developed an industry that now accounts for more than 2.5%, or $13.8 billion in US food sales annually. This product line has shown greater growth in sales than traditional grocery offerings for the last several years. Further, studies indicate that this trend will continue into the future as the Baby Boomers reach senior status, their children enter middle age and their grandchildren reach adulthood. Each of these generations has enjoyed a greater degree of disposable income and exposure to higher education; factors which both play a major role in WFM’s market demographic. With that said, at the time this study was written, their organizational objective was to reach $12 billion in revenue and have more than 300 stores in operation (Harasta & Hoffman, n.d.). They w ere able to achieve only half of this objective by reaching 304 store locations domestically and another 12 internationally for a total of 316 current locations (â€Å"Our Stores,† n.d.). Unfortunately, while up 12% from 2009, they fell short of their fiscal goals reaching $9 billion in sales in 2010 (McCann, 2010); however with only half of the 2011 fiscal year gone they have significantly overtaken the half-way mark of 2010 by already producing $5.4 billion in sales (McCann, 2011). WFM face three pivotal issues that are hindering their ability to expand at a faster pace: Increased competition, rigid target market requirements and a limited supply of natural and organic goods.  Currently, they control 47% of organic food sales in the US; however similar vendors and national supermarket chains have taken notice of the profitability of natural products and entered the market with varying degrees of success.

Elusive Quest for Growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Elusive Quest for Growth - Essay Example Development that leads to growth has been impossible, in the way done. It’s really an illusion thinking that a rich country claiming to financial aid to undeveloped countries would lead real financial growth in the long run, starting from the short run. Economists and Marketing Sciences have been trying to defend the idea of real financial aid and support of the rich countries of the world, and we see in terms of statistics that this has not been achieved. On the contrary the way and perspective of this kind of aid, have led to even more poverty, and lack of true growth. A number of economists throughout last decade had tried to defend the idea, that investment in machines and technology, surplus labor, education and environment resources, have led to opposite results and do not promote revenues of countries. First of all there are other major factors affecting the possibility of growth, such as general climate changes all over the planet, local climate of course in each count ry, geographic position, and structure of natures as well as infrastructure and raw materials existing in each country along with all environment resources. ... ll over the planet, local climate of course in each country, geographic position, and structure of natures as well as infrastructure and raw materials existing in each country along with all environment resources. He also defends the aspect that nor even control of population can lead to any results due quick demographic changes and that this may not always be controlled. Despite the financial aid given to countries, one would clearly see, that it is not a true financial aid, but it’s based on interests of most wealthy people of the world to raise capitals on behalf of them, a disparity of income all over the world, with children starving in poor countries, social inequalities between men and women and of course between rich and poor. Poor countries may be supported in the short run, but in the long run, they are found in big debt, not being able to pay out the huge loans, and by not also being supported essentially for growth, the gap between rich and poor people all over the world is getting more and more big. The financial support is just on behalf of the rich countries to become wealthier, as some standards of the poor countries, such as environment, infrastructures, in terms of raw materials and resources, are not taken into account. Then poor countries are supported just partially and this leads only to a financial release and not to real financial growth. Doing investments in local level, and increasing employment in countries that suffer inflation, may solve the problem to an extent. Okay, employment is increased, people have jobs, thus more is invested in education, but in the end, just more wealth is added to rich ones, as they’ll invest the money from surplus labor and the difference in terms of inflation of their own currency and local currency, in

Social factors effecting educational attainment Essay Example for Free

Social factors effecting educational attainment Essay This essay will attempt to examine the extent to which home factors may affect social class differences in educational attainment, looking at factors such as culture, income and the nature of the curriculum with reference to sociological theories. The essay will consider these factors, mainly focusing on home factors, and attempt to conclude which if any factors have the largest impact on educational achievement. The first part of this essay will look at the home factors and how they affect educational attainment, home factors essentially define our social class, aspects like income, space per person and effective money earned per year all amount to our class in society. For the purpose of this essay we define class as â€Å"A set or category of things having some property or attribute in common and differentiated from others by kind, type, or quality† and in reference to how this is being used in this essay we have three classes in the UK, the upper class which has the highest net worth and will often contain a family legacy of money, the middleclass who are people with higher level jobs such as managerial positions in company’s and the working class which consists of people working manual, often unskilled jobs which results in the lowest net worth of the three. Highlighting the difference in terms of educational attainment when it comes to social class is important as it allows us to focus on the working class and what affects their children in school. The Youth Cohort Study found that in 1998 children who had parents working in a managerial or professional position on average would achieve a 69% rate of 5 or more GCSE’s at A*-C level compared to children with parents working unskilled manual jobs only achieving a 20% rate. (Youth Cohort Study 2002, 2006, 2008). From this figure we can see how your class affects your level of educational attainment. This essay will now look at the home factors effecting social class and thus educational attainment. Feinstein conducted research into how educational attainment was based around parental attitude and support; this was often times measured by teacher’s assessments of how much interest the parents showed. This would mean that working class children would receive less help , support and encouragement with their school work when compared to a middle class child, Feinstein argued this was a major factor in educational attainment and pointed out that working class people who are earning less in unskilled manual jobs may have to work more hours and because of the physical nature of the job may be more tired and thus not have the time or energy to attend which would give the teachers a negative perception of the parents. Douglas, Gerwitz and Halsey all argued that home factors such as poor diet, lack of privacy and lack of school resources could all play a role in determining what social class a family would be classified as and thus how it would effect educational attainment. Douglas believed that a number of factors such as size of the family which would mean less space to work in, students health; which would be affected by the diet they could afford which would be poorer in working class family’s and the amount of support they could afford would all effect educational attainment. These are all areas which will be worse off when comparing working class family’s to middle class family. Bourdieu’s cultural capital theory builds upon this idea of class effecting educational attainment and states that the education system is systematically based on the culture of the most dominant social class and thus values knowledge and ideology’s that middle class parents may enforce upon their kids and devalue the skill sets and values which a working class child might have. Bourdieu argues that the major role of education is cultural reproduction of the dominant classes which would mean that the things that a working class child brings to the education system would not be of as much value as that of a middle class child and thus they are indirectly discriminated against in terms of how teachers see their skills. This could result in students preforming poorer simply because home factors determine their social class and thus their educational attainment. We can see how home factors can radically change the educational attainment of a child when we look at Hymen’s theory that even when IQ is held constant throughout the class, the working class children will do worse than the middle class children. Hyman theorizes that this is down to the values and morals of the different classes and they would be dictated these classes by the home factors mentioned earlier so there is a strong argument that home factors drastically change the level of educational attainment that a child might get. When comparing one sphere of influence to another, for example out and in school factors to home factors we can see that they all influence students educational attainment based on class. When looking at in school factors Hallum theorized that the curriculum was written by middle class people for middle class people, this obviously leaves the working class people, who have different values and morals, at a disadvantage. When the curriculum favors a certain skill set both in terms of values, morals and general ideology’s the group which don’t have this set of skills are going to lag behind and not be valued as much, as an example this could result in a working class child who performs academically in a set which can only achieve a max grade of D at GCSE when the child is perfectly capable of attaining a B+ grade. In this example we would see the middle class child be kept in a higher set because of the values and morals in place and the lack of recognition of the strengths of the working class child. Another in school factor would be speech codes. Bernstein thought that different classes had different modes of speaking which were valued differently in a middle class school environment. Bernstein said that working class children were limited to restricted speech codes which were characterized by shorthand speech, grammatically simple structure, meaning often conveyed by gesture and slang. This is in stark comparison to middle class children who have command over both elaborate and restricted speech codes which gives me a massive advantage as they can use the restricted speech code when necessary but also use the elaborate in situations such as exams or writing practices which are looking for the elaborate speech code usage. To conclude we can see that home factors affect social class massively and thus affect educational attainment and success massively as well. Theory’s such as cultural deprivation, parental attitude and speech codes have critics but they have elements of truth which highlights how a middle class curriculum and often times middle class teachers favor middle class students and their moral and value systems they have in place, this can lead to working class children who have to deal with a home environment which isn’t as well suited to learning and education also having to cope with being given less opportunity’s despite a similar level of IQ which can result in a lower level of educational attainment.

History Of The Higgs Boson Particle Philosophy Essay

History Of The Higgs Boson Particle Philosophy Essay From a distance, the Higgs Boson particle may seem completely irrelevant and disconnected from the real world, but its actually more integral to life and everything around you, than you may think. Have you ever contemplated why you weigh what you do? Im not alluding to the second doughnut you had this morning, or the ill advised chips on the way home, but rather the fundamental reason as to why the atoms that make up your body and everything else in the world, have a certain mass-If you havent youre not alone-until recently, scientists havent thought about it much either. Before the standard model of particle physics came along, the origin of mass was not even considered a problem; that an object had mass was simply assumed. But when scientists began probing objects at smaller and smaller scales, they discovered that it was not quite as simple as that: according to the standard model, fundamental particles should weigh nothing at all. The standard model describes the behavior and interactions of all of the most fundamental particles we have seen and one other particularly elusive one that, physicists hope, we will see in the near future. The model was developed throughout the 20th century and finalized when the existence of quarks, the particles that make up protons and neutrons, was confirmed in the 1970s. At the time many of the particles predicted by the standard model were yet to be seen. Over the years since then, physicists have ticked these particles off, one by one, like items on a shopping list. Now they are left with just one remaining unfound particle the Higgs boson. The Higgs requires a leap of faith, because so far it is entirely hypothetical. Some physicists are counting on it to help solve the most intractable riddles in their profession. It might, for instance, explain the preponderance of matter over antimatter in the cosmos. Or it might yield a formula that would unite gravity with the three other fundamental forces into a long-sought theory of everything. Above all, the Higgs could be the emissary of a ubiquitous force field that confers mass on matter. It could answer a huge question: Why does matter weigh something instead of nothing? The Higgs was born of wishful thinking. British theoretical physicist Peter Higgs of the University of Edinburgh came up with the idea of the Higgs field and its associated particle the Higgs boson in 1964. The field he proposed extends throughout the universe, and interacts with matter particles in such a way as to give them mass. After an interaction the field leaves behind a telltale sign the Higgs boson. Finding a Higgs boson would prove that the Higgs field exists. The Higgs Field and the Large Electron Positron Physicist Steven Weiberg of the University of Texas and Pakistani theorist Abdus Salam used the higgs concept to bring the theory in line with reality. Weinberg (along with Ian Samples explanation of the Higgs Boson) describes the higgs field like a sea of molasses (or think of it as a massive plate completely filled with sugar grains) that fills all of space. It resists the movement of particles moving at light speed (and constantly crashing against each other), which in turn slows them down and creates a drag-the more a particle interacts with the field the heavier (and slower) it gets- which in turn causes the symmetry of the standard model to be restored because mass is no longer seen as an intrinsic property of matter,i.e all elementary particles weigh nothing until they interact with the higgs field. The reason why the higgs field is such a solid theory is because the variations in the higgs field interactions are the only explanation physicist have for the fact that the heaviest known particle weighs 200,000 times as much as the lightest one, while protons weigh nothing at all. Nobel laureate Leon Lederman wrote in his book (The God Particle, 1993) that The Higgs field, the standard model and our picture of how God made the universe, all depends on finding the Higgs Boson. His book paved the way for the Superconducting Supercollider, the $10 billion accelerator he designed to get the Higgs-due to it being thought of the most massive of all elementary particles the Higgs Boson would show up in only ultrahigh energy collisions-it was to be built, but after the book released the US congress pulled the plug on the project, of course this was the several heartbreaks for Higgs seekers. They came at the Large Electron Positron, or LEP, collider, a 17-mile-long particle smasher on the Franco-Swiss border at the European Center for Nuclear Research, called CERN for short. In August 2000, after a decade of collisions at gradually escalating energies, the collider team saw data that hinted at the presence of the Higgs. We were sure we were going to find the Higgs part icle, says experimental physicist Christopher Tully of Princeton University, who heads the CERN search. It was a very dramatic moment. Unfortunately, the LEP collider was shut down for good in November 2000 to make way for the $2.5 billion Large Hadron Collider. The Large Hadron Collider and 4th of July 2012. The LHC will be supported by 5,000 physicists and 500 research institutes around the world. It will hurl particles with seven times the energy of the Tevatron. The LHC discovery of the Higgs is guaranteed-if it exists, says experimental physicist Suyong Choi of Fermilab. As a recap, we know that the origin of mass occurs at LHC energies. We know this because two fundamental forces, electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force, unify at these energies (see the second heading and the picture here). The reason these forces look different to us in everyday, low-energy, life is that the force-carrying-particles for the weak force (the W and Z) have mass. In the Standard Model of particle physics, this mass can only happen if a certain kind of quantum field fills the universe, and sort of sticks to some particles to give them mass. Inventing a whole-universe-filling-field just to make your maths work is quite extreme. The only way of proving whether youve done the right thing or not, whether the field is real or not, is to make a wave in the field. This wave is, or would be, the Higgs boson. And it has to show up at the LHC or the field is either not there, or very different from what we expected. Nowhere to hide. Anyway, as you heard in Fabiolas talk today, ATLAS has found something. And as you and I heard today, CMS have found the same thing. Now, it looks like the Higgs boson. Or a Higgs boson. But it might not be. It has the right electric charge (i.e. none). It seems to appear about as often as it should in some decay modes. It is definitely a boson. But it is supposed to give mass to all fundamental particles, and we havent seen it do anything with fermions (quarks and leptons) yet, just bosons. What does this all mean for ordinary people? And why should they care? 1) It is the most important scientific discovery of the 21st Century, and on par with Copernicuss discovery that the sun is the center of our solar system. 2) Its likely to have some practical uses that we cant fathom right now, in much the same way as the discovery of the electron enabled every electronic device you use today. 3) We were right. Scientists theorized that a particle like the Higgs boson has to exist. They built a remarkable machine, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to find it. And they found it. Which not only allows us to feel good about ourselves as humans, it allows scientists to continue using a model of the universe that theyve been working on for more almost 50 years. In short, scientists dont have to start from scratch. And, this model and the LHC will allow us to explore even more nebulous ideas, such as dark matter. Many people, including Peter Higgs himself, subscribe to the view that science for the sake of understanding the world around us is inherently valuable. If however, you need a more concrete reason to care about the Higgs, allow me to borrow some words from Carl Sagan: everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives on the pale blue dot we know as Earth and none of it would have ever existed without the Higgs boson.

Columbus: A Great Discoverer or Villain Essay -- Christopher Columbus

Columbus: A Great Discoverer or Villain A national holiday celebrating achievements of an individual reflects a nation’s appreciation for that person’s deeds. Christopher Columbus’s Day is an official national holiday in the United States of America. However, a careful examination of Columbus’ expeditions and his methods of settlement in the so-called New World should change the nation’s opinion about the necessity of the holiday. In my way of thinking, Columbus’ arrival to the Indies has brought destruction and death. His motives, such as prosperity by means of exploiting the native population, were immoral, and therefore I cannot accept the idea of celebrating Columbus’ Day as a National Holiday.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Columbus is credited with finding the new world, but did he really discover it? In my opinion, it is not possible to discover land that was already there, occupied by native people. When Columbus claimed to be a founder of the new land, he did not take in consideration a very important aspect about the existing civilization, its customs and traditions that were practiced in that area for thousands of years. Blinded by the idea of prosperity, he ignored the moral beliefs and introduced slavery as a compensation of promised numerous amounts of gold to the Spanish sovereigns. Irving Rouse, the author of the book Tainos, states: â€Å"When the crown complained about the lack of income from the colony, Columbus sent a shipload of captives to Spain to be sold as slaves in a desperate attempt to satisfy that complaint† (Rouse p.151). This serves as a perfect example of how low he thought of natives, not taking in consideration their right to live. Having established goldmines throughout the colony, Columbus found it necessary to take advantage of a local population, Tainos, as means of a cheap labor that was needed for work in goldmines. Rouse states: â€Å"When Christopher Columbus returned to Hispaniola in the summer of 1498, he placated Roldan by authorizing him to seize Indians in the chiefdom of Xaragua and divide them among his followers to use as forced laborers at the goldfields.† (p.153) In his point of view, Taino people deserved to be treated in such a manner, because they constantly rebelled against his rule, not realizing the fact that he was the one that intruded their way of life and caused so many innocent people to suffer. The re... ... point where we stand now. My opponents have tendency to glorify our nation despite the fact that it was build on suffering and extinction of almost entire civilization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, I would like to point out the misinterpretation of Columbus’ actions during the settlement in North America. His arrival to the â€Å"New World† brought along destruction and death. Columbus, after failing to comply with his promise to the King and Queen about increasing their revenues by bringing enormous amounts of gold, introduced the idea of slavery. He also became responsible for extinction of Taino population by forcing them to work in goldmines. Refusing to give up after several attempts to prosper from the â€Å"discovered land† and obvious lack of administrative ability causes even more devastating results described as genocide. After what I have said, the question, whether or not Columbus Day should be a National Holiday in the United States, should not be an issue, since honoring the man who is responsible for elimination of the whole race would be a sin. Such an example of misleading National Holiday left me with a d oubtful feeling about the origin of the rest! Columbus: A Great Discoverer or Villain Essay -- Christopher Columbus Columbus: A Great Discoverer or Villain A national holiday celebrating achievements of an individual reflects a nation’s appreciation for that person’s deeds. Christopher Columbus’s Day is an official national holiday in the United States of America. However, a careful examination of Columbus’ expeditions and his methods of settlement in the so-called New World should change the nation’s opinion about the necessity of the holiday. In my way of thinking, Columbus’ arrival to the Indies has brought destruction and death. His motives, such as prosperity by means of exploiting the native population, were immoral, and therefore I cannot accept the idea of celebrating Columbus’ Day as a National Holiday.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Columbus is credited with finding the new world, but did he really discover it? In my opinion, it is not possible to discover land that was already there, occupied by native people. When Columbus claimed to be a founder of the new land, he did not take in consideration a very important aspect about the existing civilization, its customs and traditions that were practiced in that area for thousands of years. Blinded by the idea of prosperity, he ignored the moral beliefs and introduced slavery as a compensation of promised numerous amounts of gold to the Spanish sovereigns. Irving Rouse, the author of the book Tainos, states: â€Å"When the crown complained about the lack of income from the colony, Columbus sent a shipload of captives to Spain to be sold as slaves in a desperate attempt to satisfy that complaint† (Rouse p.151). This serves as a perfect example of how low he thought of natives, not taking in consideration their right to live. Having established goldmines throughout the colony, Columbus found it necessary to take advantage of a local population, Tainos, as means of a cheap labor that was needed for work in goldmines. Rouse states: â€Å"When Christopher Columbus returned to Hispaniola in the summer of 1498, he placated Roldan by authorizing him to seize Indians in the chiefdom of Xaragua and divide them among his followers to use as forced laborers at the goldfields.† (p.153) In his point of view, Taino people deserved to be treated in such a manner, because they constantly rebelled against his rule, not realizing the fact that he was the one that intruded their way of life and caused so many innocent people to suffer. The re... ... point where we stand now. My opponents have tendency to glorify our nation despite the fact that it was build on suffering and extinction of almost entire civilization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, I would like to point out the misinterpretation of Columbus’ actions during the settlement in North America. His arrival to the â€Å"New World† brought along destruction and death. Columbus, after failing to comply with his promise to the King and Queen about increasing their revenues by bringing enormous amounts of gold, introduced the idea of slavery. He also became responsible for extinction of Taino population by forcing them to work in goldmines. Refusing to give up after several attempts to prosper from the â€Å"discovered land† and obvious lack of administrative ability causes even more devastating results described as genocide. After what I have said, the question, whether or not Columbus Day should be a National Holiday in the United States, should not be an issue, since honoring the man who is responsible for elimination of the whole race would be a sin. Such an example of misleading National Holiday left me with a d oubtful feeling about the origin of the rest!

Tudor Succession Problems Essay -- English History Monarchs England Es

Tudor Succession Problems The Tudor period is unique in that it is marked by succession difficulties in every generation. The Tudor dynasty was plagued by poor health, short-lives and a shortage of male claimants to the throne. For three successive monarchs the throne passed not from ruler to child, but from sibling to sibling and three consecutive monarchs died childless. Henry VIII's search for a suitable male heir to his throne had far reaching ramifications. This period is distinctive in that it would start the precedent of determining the succession by statute in consultation with Parliament. The parliamentary enactments and wills that he had created complicated the succession issue for future generations in the attempt to make the transition from monarch to monarch less problematic. While the Tudor period is generally viewed as a one of stability, the recurring succession difficulties created instability and often posed the threat of civil war and even foreign invasion. The succession problems of the Tudor monarchs were largely caused by their lack of issue, for none of Henry VIII's children had children, poor health and were complicated by plots arising from the uncertainty of the succession, foreign affairs, and the wishes of the monarchs of the periods in relation to Henry VIII's will. The succession of Henry VII was the most difficult of all for he had to win a battle to claim the throne and prevent other factions from rising against him to secure his dynasty. Henry VII's claim to the throne was based not so much on hereditary right, as his victory at Bosworth field. There were other claimants to the throne such as Elizabeth of York, Edward of Warwick, John II of Portugal and John de la Pole who all... ..., and in the third generation of Tudors a lack of children. Consequentially, the successors that did succeed were not always clearly the heir. This led to in extreme cases, like at the start of the reign of Mary, civil war. Henry VIII went to extreme lengths to secure the succession and ensure the continuity of his dynasty, lengths that included separation from the church in Rome and divorce. He also started a precedent of parliamentary consultation in matters concerning the succession, a principle that would become entrenched after the Revolution of 1688. On the other hand Elizabeth I went to extreme lengths to avoid discussing the succession in Parliament and designating a successor. There were good things that came out of what appeared to be problems: arguably the church of England, and the reign of Elizabeth I, one of the most glorious reigns in English history. Tudor Succession Problems Essay -- English History Monarchs England Es Tudor Succession Problems The Tudor period is unique in that it is marked by succession difficulties in every generation. The Tudor dynasty was plagued by poor health, short-lives and a shortage of male claimants to the throne. For three successive monarchs the throne passed not from ruler to child, but from sibling to sibling and three consecutive monarchs died childless. Henry VIII's search for a suitable male heir to his throne had far reaching ramifications. This period is distinctive in that it would start the precedent of determining the succession by statute in consultation with Parliament. The parliamentary enactments and wills that he had created complicated the succession issue for future generations in the attempt to make the transition from monarch to monarch less problematic. While the Tudor period is generally viewed as a one of stability, the recurring succession difficulties created instability and often posed the threat of civil war and even foreign invasion. The succession problems of the Tudor monarchs were largely caused by their lack of issue, for none of Henry VIII's children had children, poor health and were complicated by plots arising from the uncertainty of the succession, foreign affairs, and the wishes of the monarchs of the periods in relation to Henry VIII's will. The succession of Henry VII was the most difficult of all for he had to win a battle to claim the throne and prevent other factions from rising against him to secure his dynasty. Henry VII's claim to the throne was based not so much on hereditary right, as his victory at Bosworth field. There were other claimants to the throne such as Elizabeth of York, Edward of Warwick, John II of Portugal and John de la Pole who all... ..., and in the third generation of Tudors a lack of children. Consequentially, the successors that did succeed were not always clearly the heir. This led to in extreme cases, like at the start of the reign of Mary, civil war. Henry VIII went to extreme lengths to secure the succession and ensure the continuity of his dynasty, lengths that included separation from the church in Rome and divorce. He also started a precedent of parliamentary consultation in matters concerning the succession, a principle that would become entrenched after the Revolution of 1688. On the other hand Elizabeth I went to extreme lengths to avoid discussing the succession in Parliament and designating a successor. There were good things that came out of what appeared to be problems: arguably the church of England, and the reign of Elizabeth I, one of the most glorious reigns in English history.

Cheating and plagiarism for my religion class Essay

The movie we watched was very interesting. I felt like I could definitely relate to most of the situations they brought up. In particular, the point about how you felt the need to cheat nowadays to keep up with the cheaters. Their information was very accurate and it really gives you a look into what life is like as a student. When watching it I really felt like what they were saying was pro-cheater. The only problem with the movie was the give a lot of great reasons why there is such a high percentage of cheaters out there, but the never offered any ways to fix the problem. Then the movie switched to the problem of plagiarism. They addressed the issue and showed some of the difficulties of trying to detect it. They then went into the only way of detecting it and how to avoid detection. Afterward they showed an example of a class and how bad plagiarism has gotten. Still they never offered any way to solve the problem. I really enjoyed the movie we watched in class it was very interesting. Through out the movie I felt could relate to the students telling their experiences. For example, one girl talked about how she feels the need to cheat to keep up with all the other cheaters out there. From my experience, I have tried studying long hours for tests and then going in the next day, taking the test and then having the person next to me cheat and get a higher grade. I myself cheat because nowadays it is all about grades and getting into the best colleges and getting the highest grade point average (g.p.a.), and with out a good g.p.a., you cannot get into a good college. So to get into a good college and get a good paying job some people are willing to do what ever it takes and to keep up with them we have to do the same things. Through out the movie I got the sense that they were taking a pro-cheater standpoint. I noticed that they really didn’t show you anyone who got anywhere in life by not cheating and so I got the feeling that they wanted us to walk away with better knowledge and methodologies on how to cheat. By the end of the movie, I really felt like cheating was no longer a bad thing and in fact it had actually become almost necessary to succeed in life and everyone is doing it. They also gave only examples of people who cheat all the time and easily get away with it. Once again, they never offered any solution to the problem. Next, they talked about plagiarism. They did an experiment with a World History class and had the kids write a paper on their favorite explorer. Then the teacher took all the papers and used the one tool out there that can check for plagiarism, turnitin.com. She submitted all the papers to this website and got them back with all the plagiarized portion of each students paper underlined. When she got the papers back, more than half the papers were plagiarized and some only had a few original sentences. It just goes to show how big of a problem plagiarism is these days. Then they said that the website only detects plagiarism if eight of the words are an exact match so to avoid detection all you have to do is change every eighth word and to be on the safe side you could play around with that number. Even though the movie never offered any way of solving either problem, they still informed you of the problem. I really enjoyed the movie. I left wanting to cheat and plagiarize. In the movie, they talked about a person who would write papers for you for $25 a page. Though I don’t know anyone that would do that for me, if I did, after watching the movie, I probably would have enlisted for his help. However, I don’t know anyone who would so I guarantee that this paper is completely original.

Epistemologies; Plato vs. Aristotle Essay

Plato, the father of philosophy, was a rationalist. He was the first systematic metaphysician and epistemologist. He believed that we had innate knowledge; a priori. So to him learning was only a matter of remembering. Plato believed that the â€Å"ideal† world existed beyond our own physical earth because according to him realty could not be changing or imperfect. From his point of view what we see are only the particulars, the mimics of the real thing, therefore, we have to pull back from the world of peculiars and search in our own minds. Things like justice or moral virtues do not exist in this world in a proper form. In Crito & Meno we can clearly see these ideas. The essential argument in Crito is ‘The Many vs. The One’. Socrates says â€Å"We should’t care all that much about what the populace will say of us, but about what the expert on matters justice and injustice will say, the individual authority, or Truth. † With this phrase he is saying that we should never pay attention to the opinion of the many but always find the one who knows because that is the only person whose opinion is valuable. And later on he goes on to say that if it is never good to do injustice then it is also wrong to do injustice in response to injustice which is why he refuses to escape. In Meno we get more in depth into the idea of inborn knowledge. Meno starts with the question ‘What is Virtue? ’ but Meno always answers the question by giving examples of virtue instead of defining the word and going to the roots of what all those virtues have in common. Down in the world of particulars there are many kinds of virtues for example for the male it’s to run the state, female it’s to run the household but what is important, essential is the traits they both have in common; temperance and justice. Socrates uses the dialectical method in order to get answers out of Meno and also clearly demonstrates this method on a slave of Meno to prove his theory about innate knowledge. Even though it can always be used, using the dialectical method is specifically significant when a person believes that we have innate knowledge, because if what we call learning is just remembering then teaching is just pulling out that knowledge, giving opportunities for that innate knowledge to spring forth. Aristotle on the other hand was an empiricist. He believed that we â€Å"learned† through our senses, by gathering knowledge from the world around us; â€Å"a posteriori†. By reading ‘On the soul’ and ‘Metaphysics’ we get a clear sense of Aristotle’s epistemology. Aristotle encourages embracing the particular in order to possibly gain a sense of the universal. According to Aristotle forms are the essence and when we combine form and matter we get human. The reading ‘On the Soul’ discusses that the body and the soul is not one, that sight allows us to absorb the world in very abstract ways and that memory is learning. In the reading ‘Metaphysics’ Aristotle sets forth causes for the explanation of change: Substance (essence), Matter (or substratum), Source of change and the cause opposed to this. Plato and Aristotle both believed in a universal purpose but the ways in which they got to these universal purposes were very different. Plato was an idealist, he despised the physical whereas Aristotle was a scientist, he loved facts and commonsense. Aristotle would argue that we gain knowledge after experience (a posteriori) but Plato would certainly disagree and say that we gain knowledge before experience (a priori). Plato believes that there is a world of ideas where ideas exist perfectly, the objects in our world are just mimics whereas Aristotle says that the ideas we perceive are inside the particular object. By saying that matter and form combined is what makes an individual Aristotle brings Plato’s Forms â€Å"down from the heavens to concrete reality. †